History of Social Psychology
The first social psychological experiment was conducted by Norman Tripplet and it involved watching people ride bicycles. What concept emerged from that study?
Social facilitation
Pavlov's salivating dogs represent which branch of Behaviorism?
Associationism or Classical Conditioning.
William James distinguished between the "me" and the "I". What did he mean?
The "me" is my self-concept. The "I" is the experiencer.
What does the word "valence" mean?
The good/bad dimension
In a correlational study how many groups of people are included?
One group; two or more measures
What infamous person really jump started Social Psychology in the 1930s through the 1940s?
Adolf Hitler
Mental categories used to organize social information are called
Schemas
Besides humans, name one other animal that appears to have a sense of self?
dolphins, apes, elephants
Describe the peripheral route to persuasion
It is the least cognitive route. It relies on indirect techniques
Name a danger in self-reports
People lie, exaggerate, or do not know the answer
What is a social psychological study that has been criticized for being unethical?
Stanford Prison study; Milgram's obedience study
What is a stereotype?
An over simplified and over generalized schema wherein one assumes that everyone in a certain group possess the same characteristics
What did Charles Horton Cooley mean by the "looking glass self"?
Our self concepts are based on the way other people treat us.
What constitutes the tri-component perspective on attitudes?
Affective, behavioral, cognitive
What is the difference between random sampling and random assignment?
In random sampling every member of a population has an equal chance of being selected. In random assignment, every member of a sample gets randomly assigned to an experimental condition.
Identify one way Social Psychology and Sociology are different
Methodology; Interpersonal vs. structural; macro vs micro
The tendency to overestimate something based on how easily it comes to mind is called ________
Availability heuristic
What did Mark Leary suggest was the function of a self?
A sociometer
Describe Leon Festinger's notion of cognitive dissonance
We dislike holding two inconsistent cognitions so we will often shift our attitudes to be more in line with our behaviors.
Which correlation is stronger: -74 or +74
Trick question. They are both equally strong.
What has the emphasis been in social psychology for the last few decades?
Ethics; Multiculturalism; Evolutionary psychology
Describe the self-fulfilling prophesy
When one's behavior toward another actually changes the way the other person behaves.
What is dramaturgy?
Erving Goffman's notion that the self is presented to the social world in the form of a theatrical performance, complete with scripts, sets, and appropriate lighting.
Name one way a target's personality can influence how they might be persuaded by an argument?
The need for Cognition
What type of research methodology uses Independent and Dependent variables?
An experiment