Materials & Properties
What is vulcanized rubber made from?
What is Natural latex (rubber) and sulfur
List the first step in the creation of sedimentary rocks.
what is Rocks break down into small pieces (weathering).
What is nitinol primarily made from?
what is Nickel and titanium.
What are the two crystal structures of nitinol mentioned in the text?
what is Martensite and austenite.
Why is steel preferred over iron in large building frames?
what is Steel is stronger and less likely to break
What effect does adding sulfur have on latex in the vulcanization process?
what is It makes the rubber more durable and heat-resistant.
What occurs during the compaction of sedimentary rocks?
what is What occurs during the compaction of sedimentary rocks?
Describe one unique property of shape memory alloys like nitinol.
what is It can return to its original shape when heated
How does the crystal structure affect the properties of nitinol?
what is It changes how flexible or stiff the metal is
What does adding elements to iron do to its properties?
It makes the iron stronger and prevents it from rusting.
Name one property that is changed when a material's structure is altered.
What is Strength or flexibility
Which step in sedimentary rock formation involves the addition of new minerals?
what is Cementation.
What advantage do alloys have over pure metals?
Alloys are stronger and more durable.
Describe the differences in movement of atoms between martensite and austenite forms.
what is In martensite, atoms move more, making it flexible. In austenite, atoms are packed closer, making it stiffer.
Explain why the properties of steel and iron are not identical.
Steel has other elements like carbon, which makes it stronger than iron.
How does the process of heating latex affect its molecular structure?
what is Heating causes the molecules to link together, making the rubber tougher.
Order these processes: Compaction, Cementation, Loose Sediment.
what is Loose Sediment → Compaction → Cementation
How is nitinol used in temperature control devices?
It changes shape with temperature, helping control things like opening or closing valves.
Why is it significant that different forms of nitinol exist?
what is It allows nitinol to change shape and properties when heated or cooled.
How can the properties of steel be altered?
what is By changing the amount of carbon or adding other metals.
Explain how synthetic materials relate to natural resources.
Synthetic materials come from natural resources, but they are changed to make something new with different properties.
Why is the understanding of sedimentary rock formation important in geology?
what is It helps us learn about Earth's history and where we find things like oil and fossils.
Identify one application of nitinol in the medical field.
what is It's used in medical devices like stents because it can change shape in the body.
How do crystal structures influence the manufacturing of alloys?
what is The way atoms are arranged changes the material’s strength and flexibility.
Describe two differences between the atomic structures of nitinol and either nickel or titanium.
what is Nitinol can change shape with heat, while pure nickel or titanium cannot. Nitinol also has different crystal phases (martensite and austenite), unlike pure metals.