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This muckraking author exposed the horrors of the meatpacking industry in his novel The Jungle.
Who is Upton Sinclair?
These institutions were established in the late 19th century to assimilate Native American children by erasing their cultural identities.
What are Indian Boarding Schools?
This 1920 amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted women the right to vote.
What is the 19th Amendment?
This 1919 treaty officially ended World War I and placed heavy reparations on Germany.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
Founded in 1909, this organization fights for the rights of African Americans through legal challenges and advocacy.
What is the NAACP?
This term, coined by Mark Twain, describes the late 19th century, a time of rapid economic growth but also political corruption and social inequality.
What is the Gilded Age?
This business strategy, famously used by Andrew Carnegie, involves controlling every step of the production process from raw materials to finished goods.
What is Vertical Integration?
This 1911 tragedy in New York City led to the deaths of 146 garment workers and spurred labor reform and safety regulations.
What is the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire?
This law aimed to assimilate Native Americans by dividing tribal lands into individual plots and promoting farming.
What is the Dawes Act of 1887?
This 1890 law was the first federal statute to outlaw monopolistic business practices in the United States.
What is the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
This campaign slogan was used by President Warren G. Harding in the 1920 election, promising a return to the way of life before World War I.
What is Return to Normalcy?
This business strategy, used by John D. Rockefeller, involves buying out competitors to create a monopoly in a particular industry.
What is Horizontal Intergration?
This business strategy, used by John D. Rockefeller, involves buying out competitors to create a monopoly in a particular industry.
What is Horizontal Integration?
Innovations like the Bessemer process for steel, electricity, the telephone, and advancements in transportation such as railroads and steamships fueled this.
What were the key innovations that supported the Second Industrial Revolution?
This period from the 1890s to the 1920s focused on political, social, and economic reforms aimed at addressing the problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and corruption. This movement arose in response to issues like political corruption, monopolies, poor working conditions, and social inequality that emerged during the Gilded Age
What was the Progressive Era, why did it happen, and what problems did it try to solve?
This period, spanning the late 19th and early 20th centuries, marked a rapid expansion in industry and technological innovation, particularly in steel, electricity, and railroads. Abundant natural resources, a growing labor force due to immigration, new technologies, and government policies favorable to business spurred this major industrial transformation.
What is the Second Industrial Revolution and what caused it in the U.S.?
Industrialization spurred the growth of cities as people flocked to urban centers for factory jobs, leading to the rise of a wealthy industrial class, a growing middle class, and a larger working class.
What role did industrialization play in the growth of urbanization and the creation of modern socio-economic classes?
The goals included breaking up monopolies, improving labor conditions, expanding suffrage, and increasing government accountability through regulations, amendments, and advocacy.
What were the goals of the Progressive Era and how were they achieved?
Following the Civil War, Americans moved west to pursue opportunities such as land through the Homestead Act, wealth from mining, and new beginnings, driven by Manifest Destiny. Settlers faced challenges such as harsh climates, Native American resistance, and lack of infrastructure. These were overcome through railroads, military intervention, and government policies like the Dawes Act.
Why did America turn westward after the Civil War, what were the challenges, and how were they overcome?
Theodore Roosevelt, Jane Addams, Upton Sinclair, and labor activists, as well as organizations such as the NAACP and the suffragists, working for change.
Who was involved in the Progressive Era?
The war led to increased government control of the economy, the rise of propaganda efforts through the Committee on Public Information, and restrictions on civil liberties, like the Espionage Act. The U.S. emerged as a global power, but the war also sparked social changes, including the Great Migration, women’s suffrage momentum, and increased isolationist sentiment after the war.
How did World War I affect the United States domestically and what effects did World War I have on the United States?
By 1925, the U.S. had transformed from a primarily agrarian society to an industrial powerhouse, with urbanization, technological advancements, and social reforms; however, it continued to face racial and economic inequalities.
How was the United States both the same and different in 1876 and 1925?