Inheritance
What is a chromosome made of?
Tightly coiled DNA
State the equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon dioxide + Water
State the equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + Water --> Glucose + Oxygen
What is extinction?
Species no longer exists
What are the cells of the immune system?
WBCs
What is a gene?
A section of DNA
State the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
Glucose --> Lactic acid
Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?
Chloroplasts
Name one thing that can cause extinction
New predator/pathogen
Change in environment
Competition
Microorganism that causes disease
What is the name of the shape of DNA?
Double Helix
Name one issue with anaerobic respiration
Lactic acid = toxic
Less energy released
What is the role of chlorophyll
Absorbs sunlight
What does natural selection cause?
Evolution
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Protist
What are the 4 bases of DNA?
A, T, C, G
Name one thing energy is used for
Growth
Repair
Muscle contractions
Maintaining body temp
What do plants use glucose + oxygen made in photosynthesis for?
Respiration
Describe process of evolution by natural selection
Individual with helpful characteristic more likely to survive and reproduce, passes allele for this feature to offspring - process repeats until all have helpful characteristic
Describe phagocytosis/antibody production/antitoxin production
WBC engulfs and destroys pathogen
Antibodies made complementary to pathogen, helps destroy
Antitoxins neutralise toxins made by bacteria
What is an allele?
A different version of a gene
State the equation for fermentation
Glucose --> Ethanol + Carbon dioxide
Name one mineral plants need to grow
Mg, Na, K, NO3
Who wrote the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Charles Darwin
What is found within a vaccine that WBCs respond to?
Dead/inactive pathogen