Absolutism & Enlightenment
What type of government did Russia, France, and many other European governments have in the 17th century?
Absolute Monarchy
How many estates were in France?
Three
Explain the Tennis Court Oath
The third estate of France swore they would not disperse until a constitution was established for France
Who was Maximillian Robespierre?
Who gained control over France following the end of the Reign of Terror?
Napoleon Bonaparte
Describe an absolute monarchy.
A king or queen with absolute power.
Which Estate paid all the taxes?
third
What was the storming of the bastille?
insurgents attempted to storm and seize control of the medieval armoury, fortress and political prison known as the Bastille
Who were the Jacobins?
The radical group who took charge of the Reign of Terror.
Why was Napoleon so popular in France during the French Revolution?
He provided stability
How did the invention of the printing press influence the Enlightenment?
It made books more available.
Describe the spending habits of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. Why might this anger the commoners in France?
They spent lots of money. This angered the commoners because they were the only ones paying taxes.
Why did they storm the Bastille?
To obtain guns, ammo, and free prisoners.
What machine was used to execute people during the Reign of Terror.
Guillotine
Russia retreated east, and burned the farms so Napoleon's troops would not have food and supplies. This tactic is known as....?
Scorched Earth
Who was John Locke? What rights did he argue for?
An enlightenment thinkier.
Life, liberty, and property.
As France continued to sink into debt, Louis XVI called for an estates general. Describe the voting system under the Estates General.
1 vote per estate
What was the Rights of Man?
A declaration of the natural rights of men.
liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression
As the Reign of Terror continued, many European Monarchs began threatening France’s border. Why were European monarchs concerned about the French Revolution?
They didn't want it to spread to their country
What did France do to Napoleon after he was defeated by Russia?
Exiled him to an island
Where did Enlightenment thinkers believe they got their rights from?
All people were born with natural rights.
What was the National Assembly? Why did the commoners create it?
The Third Estate. It was created to opposed the King.
Who influenced the writing of the Declaration of Rights of Man?
The Enlightenment Thinkers
How did the Reign of Terror end?
the death of robespierre
What was the Battle of Waterloo? What was its result?
The battle where Napoleon was defeated.
Napoleon lost his power to rule France and was exiled.