GI A&P
Name 5 parts of the simple stomach.
What is the cardia, fundus, pylorus, lesser and greater curvature, body, pyloric sphincter and antrum, and rugae?
Which is an excellent antiemetic used for parvoviral puppies as a CRI?
What is butorphanol?
What is the difference between a laxative and a cathartic?
A laxative increases liquid content of feces to encourage defecation, while a cathartic causes irritant effects on intestinal mucosa to promote defecation.
What drug is used to treat acetaminophen toxicity?
What is n-Acetylcysteine?
What antibiotic treats Giardia, Salmonella, Clostridium, Helicobacter, some amoebas, and in some types of gastroenteritis?
What is Metronidazole?
What do rugae of stomachs do?
What is expansion, increased surface area of absorption, churning and mixing?
Name 2 of 5 classes of antiulcers with their respective meds.
H2 receptor antagonists - Ranitidine
Proton pump inhibitors - Omeprazole
Antacids - Aluminum hydroxide
Gastromucosal protectants - Sucralfate (Carafate)
Prostaglandin analogs - Misoprostol (Cytotec)
What is mineral oil categorized as and what are its adverse effects (if any)?
A lubricant and adverse effects are minimal if used properly.
What drug is used to treat cholangitis and cholestasis?
What is Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodiol)?
What common probiotics is used in clinics that come in oral powder, tablets, pastes, and capsules?
What is FortiFlora/Proviable?
What is separation of a horse's stomach called?
What is margo plicatus?
Name 2 of 5 main classes of antiemetics and give examples.
Phenothiazine derivative - Chlorpromazine
Dopamine blocker - Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Antihistamine - Meclizine
Serotonin receptor antagonist - Ondansetron (Zofran)
NK-1 receptor antagonist - Maropitant Citrate (Cerenia)
How are magnesium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate different?
What is obtained through a freeze dried pork pancreas to treat patients with EPI (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency)?
What is pancrelipase?
What is mirtazapine and benzodiazepine?
What specific feature in GI tract allows for absorption of nutrients?
What is the microvilli of jejunum?
Name 1 of 3 main classes of antidiarrheals and give examples.
Narcotics - Diphenoxylate
Anticholinergics/antispasmodics - Aminopentamide
Protectants/absorbents - Kaopectolin (Kao-Pec)
Both are naturally occuring electrolytes, they draw fluid into the GI tract, and serves as cofactor for many enzyme systems in the body.
Metoclopramide acts as both an antiemetic and a prokinetic. What is its mechanism of action?
It blocks dopamine receptors in the CRTZ and stimulates peristaltic contractions in the upper portion of the GI tract.
If a client wants to buy a dental product for their pet, what must the product have before purchase?
Products that are certified by the VOHC (Veterinary Oral Health Council).
DOUBLE JEOPARDY!
What controls the GI functions in the body? (Be specific).
P.S. It also regulates endocrine and paracrine hormones.
What is the autonomic parasympathetic nervous system?
Which of these antiulcer meds would a DVM give to a feline patient and why?
Famotidine or Ranitidine?
Ranitidine because famotidine causes decreased packed cell volume in cats.
Metamucil, Psyllium, and Bran are what and how do they work?
Bulk-producing agents; the fiber absorbs water and swells, causing stretch of the intestine and stimulates peristalsis.
What are the ingredients of the drug Denamarin and what does it treat?
DVM prescribes a patient a therapeutic diet for GI infection. What options might the DVM prescribe?
What is Hill's Science GI Diet i/d, Royal Canin GI low fat, and Purina EN?