Nightingale Environmental Theory
Leininger's Transcultural Nursing Theory
Watson's Theory
of Human Caring
Theory in Practice
Key Concepts
100

This environmental element, according to Nightingale, is crucial for reducing infection and promoting healing.

What is "Cleanliness"?

100

Leininger developed this type of care, focusing on cultural sensitivity in healthcare.

What is "Culturally Congruent Care"?

100

This term in Watson's theory describes a meaningful, compassionate interaction between nurse and patient.

What is "Caring Moment"?

100

According to Nightingale, proper ventilation in hospitals helps prevent this common health issue.

What are "Infections"?

100

Nightingale believed in the power of this to influence both patient outcomes and morale.

What is "Environment"?

200

Nightingale emphasized the importance of this environmental factor, believing it promotes both physical and mental well-being.

What is "Fresh Air"?

200

Leininger's theory emphasizes understanding and respecting this aspect of a patient's background.

What is "Culture"?

200

Watson's theory encourages this type of approach, focusing on physical, emotional and spiritual needs.

What is "Holistic Care"?

200

Leininger's theory would suggest understanding these when caring for a patient from a different background.

What are "Cultural Beliefs"?

200

Leininger developed this concept, describing a universal need for culturally sensitive care.

What is "Cultural Universality"?

300

Nightingale advocated for this as a key factor in patient recovery, reducing noise and disturbances.

What is "Quiet Environment"?

300

In Leininger's theory, these are the unique beliefs and practices that patients bring from their culture.

What are "Cultural Values"?

300

These guiding principles form the foundation of Watson's caring philosophy.

What are "Carative Factors"?

300

Watson's caring theory promotes this, which focuses on creating a deep, therapeutic relationship with the patient.

What is "Therapeutic Relationship"?

300

In Watson's theory, this is the deep empathy a nurse shows when understanding a patient's experience.

What is "Compassion"?

400

Nightingale believed that good health requires exposure to this natural element to enhance recovery.

What is "Sunlight"?

400

This term describes Leininger's goal of providing individualized care that aligns with a patient's cultural background.

What is "Cultural Competence"?

400

Watson's theory emphasizes this quality, where nurses should see patients as whole individuals.

What is "Human Dignity"?

400

A nurse trained in Leininger's theory might use this type of assessment to gather information about a patient's cultural needs.

What is a "Cultural Assessment"?

400

Leininger's theory emphasizes this approach, treating each patient's needs and beliefs as unique.

What is "Individualized Care"?

500

Nightingale's theory includes the idea that proper nutrition plays a role in healing, especially in this type of care environment.

What is "Hospital Care" or "Healthcare setting"?

500

Leininger's theory supports these, which are adaptations in nursing care to better serve diverse populations. 

What are "Cultural Modifications"?

500

Watson's model encourages this aspect, which is beyond treating symptoms, focusing on empathy and connection.

What is "Compassionate Care"?

500

Nightingale's theory emphasizes these types of changes in the hospital environment to support healing.

What are "Environmental Modifications"?

500

In Watson's Theory of Human Caring, this reflects the interconnectedness of mind, body, and soul.

What is "Holistic Health"?

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