INTRODUCTION
Which cells in the CNS are primarily responsible for myelin formation?
oligodendrocytes
What function in the nervous system does the paranodal myelin sheath support?
Saltatory Conduction along axon
Was the hypothesis supported?
yes!
What neurological condition could this research provide insights for due to its focus on myelin damage?
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
What is the sum of action potentials in a neuron called?
Compound Action Potential (CAP)
What ion's influx was identified as a trigger for calpain activation in the study?
Calcium (Ca2+)
Which stimulation frequency (hz) was shown to induce the most significant paranodal myelin retraction?
200 Hz
What kind of disease is Multiple Sclerosis?
What does the findings of this study reiterate about the role of glial cells?
supporting neuronal functioning
What is the role of calpain in paranodal myelin retraction?
breaking down myelin
What potassium channel is exposed due to myelin retraction?
What channel is exposed when there is damage to the paranode?
Potassium (K) voltage-gated channels
What area of the myelin sheath was studied for retraction?
Paranode
What is one reason CARS imaging is advantageous over traditional histological techniques?
providing high-resolution, label-free, real-time imaging
What was the effect of the potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine on CAP?
demonstrating calcium (Ca2+) dependency
What does myelin retraction lead to? ( in terms of action potential conduction)
conduction failure
What is the primary imaging method used in the study to observe paranodal myelin retraction?
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) microscopy
What microscopy method allowed real-time imaging of live tissue in the study?
Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF)
What compound was used to block calcium influx in the experiments?
Nimodipine
Why is the paranode important for action potential efficiency?
insulating axons / facilitating saltatory conduction