Relationship Genes Chromosomes and DNA
The basic units of heredity that are found on chromosomes and determine traits like eye color are called these.
What are genes?
This is the process by which cells make proteins, using instructions from DNA.
What is protein synthesis?
This type of mutation occurs when a single base in the DNA sequence is replaced by another base.
What is a substitution mutation?
In this type of reproduction, offspring are produced by a single parent and are genetically identical to the parent.
What is asexual reproduction?
This type of chart is used to show how a trait is passed through generations in a family.
What is a pedigree chart?
This process occurs when DNA is copied to make an exact replica of itself before cell division.
What is DNA replication?
The two main steps of protein synthesis are transcription and this step, where amino acids are linked to form a protein.
What is translation?
This is the process by which the sequence of DNA in a gene is altered, leading to a change in the genetic code.
What is a genetic mutation?
This type of reproduction involves offspring that are genetically different from each other and from their parents. It leads to more genetic diversity and is seen in organisms like humans, plants, and animals
What is sexual reproduction?
In a Punnett square, these represent the possible genetic information that will be passed to the offspring.
What is alleles?
This molecule carries genetic information and is made up of a double helix structure.
What is DNA?
These molecules carries the message from the nucleus to the ribosome during translation.
What is RNA?
What are nitrogen bases?
In asexual reproduction, offspring are genetically identical to the parent. However, in certain cases, this form of reproduction can still lead to variation. What is the name of the process in which mutations can introduce genetic differences in asexually reproduced offspring?
What is mutations?
This type of allele always shows its trait when present, even if only one copy is inherited.
What is a dominant allele?
The other side of this DNA strand
ATG GCA CGC ATA GGG ATC
What is
TAC CGT GCG TAT CCC TAG
Grab a codon chart. . . .
The amino acid chain for the following DNA code"
ATA GCA CCA GTA
What is?
UAU CGU GGU CAU
Tyr Arg Gly His
What is deletion and insertion?
In asexual reproduction, this term refers to the method where a new organism grows from a part of the parent organism, like a new plant growing from a cutting.
What is Sporulation?
In a Punnett square, when both parents are heterozygous for a trait, the probability of their child inheriting two identical alleles (homozygous) is this percentage.
What is 50%?
The two object that make up the backbone of DNA
The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its shape and function, which in turn influences the traits of an organism. This part of the protein determines how traits like eye color or hair type are expressed.
What is the sequence of amino acids?
This type of mutations is seen from the example: Heterochromia is when an organism has two different color eyes. It does not affect the organisms function.
What is neutral mutation?
While asexual reproduction results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent, sexual reproduction creates offspring with genetic variation. This variation is important because it helps populations do this better in changing environments.
What is adapt to new challenges or survive in changing environments?
In a pedigree chart, a circle represents a female, and a square represents a male. If a person has the trait shown, this is how it is represented on the chart.
What is a filled-in circle or square?