1
She (like) to read books every evening.
She (not/eat) meat because she is vegetarian. (you/live) in a big city?
She likes to read books every evening.
She does not (doesn’t) eat meat because she is vegetarian.
Do you live in a big city?
She (not/read) a book now.
(she/talk) on the phone now?
She (write) a letter right now.
She is not (isn’t) reading a book now.
Is she talking on the phone now? (Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
She is writing a letter right now.
This house is (big) than that one.
She is the (smart) student in the class.
The movie is (interesting) than the book.
This house is bigger than that one.
She is the smartest student in the class.
The movie is more interesting than the book.
She (visit) her grandparents last weekend.
She (not/eat) breakfast this morning.
(she/visit) her grandparents last weekend?
She visited her grandparents last weekend.
She did not (didn’t) eat breakfast this morning.
Did she visit her grandparents last weekend? (Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.)
Present Perfect
She (finish) her homework
She (not/finish) her homework yet
(she/finish) her homework?
She has finished her homework.
She has not (hasn’t) finished her homework yet.
Has she finished her homework?
When do we use the Present Perfect tense?
To talk about actions or events that happened at an unspecified time in the past and have a connection to the present.
When do we use the Present Simple tense?
To talk about habits, routines, general truths, and facts.
Which words or phrases are often used with the Present Simple?
Always, often, sometimes, never, every day, on Sundays
When do we use the Present Continuous tense?
To talk about actions happening now
When do we use the Past Continuous tense?
To describe actions that were in progress at a specific time in the past, or two simultaneous actions in progress.
What auxiliary verbs are used in the Past Continuous tense?
Was and were.
How is the Present Perfect tense formed?
Subject + have/has + past participle
When do we use "some"?
We use "some" in positive sentences for countable and uncountable nouns, e.g., "There is some water."
What are some examples of irregular comparatives and superlatives?
"Good → better → best," "bad → worse → worst," "far → farther → farthest."
How do we form WH-questions in Past Continuous?
WH-question word + was/were + subject + verb + -ing?
When do we use the Past Simple tense?
To talk about completed actions or events in the past.
How do we form yes/no questions in Past Simple?
Did + subject + base verb?
What is the difference between "much" and "many"?
"Much" is used with uncountable nouns, e.g., "much water," and "many" is used with countable nouns, e.g., "many books."
When do we use "There is" and "There are"?
We use them to say that something exists or is present in a specific place
When do we use "any"?
We use "any" in negative sentences and questions, e.g., "Is there any bread?" or "There isn’t any bread.
What is the difference between "any" and "no"?
"Any" is used in negative sentences with auxiliary verbs, e.g., "There isn’t any milk." "No" is used without auxiliary verbs, e.g., "There is no milk."
What is the difference between Present Perfect and Past Simple?
Present Perfect focuses on the result or connection to the present, while Past Simple refers to completed actions in the past at a specific time
What time expressions are commonly used with Present Perfect?
Just, already, yet, never, ever, so far, recently, for, since, etc.
What is the difference between "for" and "since" in Present Perfect?
"For" is used for a period of time (e.g., for 3 years), and "since" is used for a point in time (e.g., since 2020)
How do we form WH-questions in Present Perfect?
WH-word + have/has + subject + past participle?