Critical Thinking
What is critical thinking?
Asking questions to understand things better.
What is the purpose of an argument?
To convince or persuade someone
There are 24 hours in a day.
Fact / Opinion
Fact
_____ connect ideas in arguments.
Hidden assumptions.
Mistakes in thinking that make arguments invalid = ?
Logical Fallacies
What is critical thinking compared to?
Being a detective and looking at all the clues.
What are the 4 parts of an argument?
claims, counter claims, reasons, and evidence
The study of materials in order to establish facts = ?
Research
If I love someone, I will put his/her needs before mine.
What's the hidden assumption?
Putting our loved ones’ needs before ours is a way to show love.
Name the fallacy:
when someone says one thing caused another thing, even though it’s not true
False cause
Personal beliefs or judgments = ?
Opinions
What is a claim?
What your are trying to prove. Your main point.
The Panda is the cutest animal in the world.
Fact / Opinion
Opinion
Lilly has a college degree, so she must make a lot of money.
What's the hidden assumption?
Everyone with a college degree makes a lot of money.
Name the fallacy:
when someone misrepresents an argument to make it easier to attack.
Straw-man Fallacy
The process of finding solutions to difficult or complex issue = ?
Problem solving
What does giving evidence mean?
To provide facts, research, or experiences
A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery = ?
An experiment
John is an attorney, so all he cares about is money.
What's the hidden assumption?
Attorneys only care about money.
Name the fallacy:
when someone includes their conclusion as part of their reasoning,
Begging the question
How can we become better thinkers and achieve more in life?
By practicing critical thinking skills.
Why are reasons important in an argument?
They explain why something is important and make someone care. They’re not just “because I said so.”
Women are smarter than men.
Fact / Opinion
Opinion
English class must be excellent if Boncho is teaching it.
What's the hidden assumption?
All of Boncho's classes are excellent.
Name the fallacy:
when someone presents a situation as only having two options when there are actually more choices available.
False dilemma