Epistemic Injustice
This type of epistemic injustice occurs when a person’s credibility is unfairly questioned or diminished due to social prejudices related to their gender, race, or social status.
What is testimonial injustice?
This face of oppression occurs when one group unfairly benefits from the labor, resources, or services of another group, typically in a way that keeps the disadvantaged group from enjoying the full fruits of their labor.
What is exploitation?
A subtle message that conveys a specific meaning (often bigoted and prejudiced) to a particular group without it being clearly stated, granting the speaker plausible deniability.
What is a dogwhistle?
What analogy does Marilyn Frye use to define the relationship between oppression and women?
What is the “bird cage” analogy?
What term does Kate Manne define as a “hatred of women?”
What is misogyny?
When marginalized individuals or groups cannot interpret or make sense of their own experiences because there is a lack of shared resources, this type of injustice is at play.
What is hermeneutical injustice?
This face of oppression involves the systematic exclusion of a group from full participation in societal life, often leaving them with fewer resources, opportunities, and social power. It is especially evident in how marginalized groups are pushed to the edges of political and economic systems.
What is marginalization?
A means for one to conceal a distasteful, bigoted, or embarrassing act or object with language that appears innocent
What is a fig leaf?
Frye explains how women are constantly shaped by invisible forces and barriers that are systematically related to each other to restrict or penalize them. What is this called?
What is oppression?
At what university does Kate Manne teach?
What is Cornell University
This concept refers to the unfair treatment of someone as a knower, where their testimony is disregarded due to stereotypical biases, as seen in cases of sexual harassment or racial profiling.
What is testimonial injustice?
This face of oppression describes the condition in which individuals or groups lack authority, control over their circumstances, or access to decision-making processes, leading to feelings of impotence and a diminished sense of agency.
What is powerlessness?
The spreading of biased or misleading information to promote a political, ideological, or social agenda.
What is propaganda?
This refers to situations where an oppressed person is “damned if they do and damned if they don't”, with no way to escape the negative consequences due to societal expectations.
What is a double-bind?
How does Kate Manne describe sexism in relation to misogyny?
What is “sexism justifies patriarchy, misogyny enforces it.”?
This type of injustice often affects groups without the social or cultural language to articulate their oppression, leading to a gap in understanding and misrepresentation of their experiences.
What is hermeneutical injustice?
In this face of oppression, the dominant culture’s values, norms, and practices are imposed on marginalized groups, making their own cultural expressions and ways of life seem inferior or invisible. It often involves the normalization of the dominant group’s identity.
What is cultural imperialism?
A kind of derogatory and demeaning insult that targets sexuality, race, gender, ability, nationality, etc.
What is a slur?
Frye argues that oppression is not isolated, but rather interconnected across different forms of identities: race, gender, class, etc. What are these “systems” called?
What are interlocking systems?
What are the two definitions of misogyny, according to Manne?
What are Naïve and Ameliorated
In the Edinburgh Law School video, this philosopher is credited with coining the term "epistemic injustice" and exploring how prejudice affects the credibility of marginalized groups.
Who is Miranda Fricker?
This face of oppression involves physical or psychological harm inflicted on individuals or groups, often as a means of maintaining social dominance or silencing resistance. It includes both overt acts of violence and the threat of violence that keeps marginalized groups in a state of fear.
What is violence?
A framework, developed by Robert Post, to help define hate speech in the law:
1. Harm
2. Content
3. Intrinsic properties (the types of words used)
4. Dignity
What is this framework called?
What are the four bases of hate speech?
This process pushes certain groups of people to the outskirts of society, isolating them from achieving mainstream power and privilege.
What is marginalization?
According to Kate Manne, what is an example of how misogyny might manifest in everyday life?
What is criticizing or punishing women for being assertive or ambitious?