Signs and Symptoms
This type of victim is able to keep their face out of the water, but is often vertical and making no forward movement
What is: distressed swimmer
This is the rate of compressions for an adult, child, and infant.
What is: 100-120 cpm
These are the three types of audits.
What is: visual audit, live audit, dummy drop/rusty audit
FAST
For a stroke: Face, arm, speech, time
This is the correct entry when in shallow water, crowded water, or when doing a spinal save.
What is: slide in entry
This sudden illness results in the victim having difficulty breathing, pale or ashen skin, dizziness, and pain that radiates through the arm and shoulder
What is: a heart attack
You pull and unconscious adult from the water who is taking infrequent gasps. You find that they have a pulse. This is what you do next.
What is: give two rescue breaths
This is how long you have to reach your victim
What is: one minute or less
AED
What is: Automated External Defibrillator
These two types of PPE should be found in every lifeguards pack.
What is: two gloves and resuscitation mask
This sudden illness results in the victim having difficulty with speech, numbness in the arm or face, and can be identified with the mnemonic FAST
What is: a stroke
This is the ratio for two person CPR on an adult.
What is: 30:2
This is the whistle for an active victim.
One long, loud EAP whistle
BVM
What is: bag valve mask
These are the two techniques for giving CPR to an infant
What is: two finger technique and encircling thumbs technique
This sudden illness results in the victim having muscular convulsions and difficulty breathing.
What is: a seizure
This is the ratio for two person CPR on an infant.
What is: 15:2
What are: swimsuit, lifeguard shirt, lifeguard shorts, appropriate shoes, rescue tube, hip pack, and whistle
SAMPLE
What is: Signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, last oral intake, events leading up to current injury or illness
This is the first step for spinal immobilization technique once you get the victim on the backboard.
What is: secondary guard takes over splint while primary guard puts on chest straps
This condition is the body's natural reaction to a serious injury or illness. Signs and Symptoms include restlessness and irritability, altered level of consciousness, pale or ashen, cool, moist skin, nausea or vomiting, rapid breathing and pulse and excessive thirst
What is: shock
These five circumstances are acceptable reasons to stop CPR (list all)
What are: You see an obvious sign of life, an AED is about to administer a shock, EMS is taking over, you are too exhausted to continue, the scene becomes unsafe
These are the ways you will automatically fail an audit (list all)
What is: phone or smart watch on stand, being told or telling another lifeguard they are being audited, not having correct items in hip pack, and not reaching the victim in the allotted time
CPR
What is: cardiopulmonary resuscitation
These are the steps to take when caring for a choking victim who is pregnant.
What are: give 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts (abdominal thrusts should be above her stomach)