Key Terms
This is the study of prenatal development.
What is embryology?
This solid ball of cells forms during mitosis
What is the morula?
This process describes controlled cellular growth
What is proliferation?
Tooth enamel forms from this germ layer
What is ectoderm?
This chromosomal abnormality causes Down syndrome
What is trisomy 21?
This is the process where a sperm fertilizes an ovum
What is fertilization?
This hollow structure forms from the morula and implants into the uterus
What is the blastocyst?
This layer forms the nervous system and skin
What is ectoderm?
Muscles and connective tissues like dentin form from this germ layer
What is mesoderm?
A pregnant woman's use of this antibiotic can stain a child's developing teeth
What is tetracycline?
These are the three stages of prenatal development.
What are the preimplantation, embryonic, and fetal periods
Implantation outside the uterus results in this condition
What is ectopic pregnancy?
The primitive streak gives the embryo this type of symmetry
What is bilateral symmetry?
The lining of the GI tract forms from this germ layer
What is endoderm?
Excessive alcohol use during pregnancy can cause this condition
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
This term describes the orderly pairing of chromosomes in a zygote.
What is karyotype?
The number of chromosomes in a zygote after fertilization
What is 46?
The trilaminar disc has these three layers
What are ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm?
The epiblast layer of the bilaminar disc becomes this germ layer
What is ectoderm?
This drug, used in the 1950s, caused severe birth defects in children
What is thalidomide?
This type of cell division occurs during the preimplantation period.
What is mitosis?
The term for the outer layer of cells in the blastocyst
What is the trophoblast?
This is the biological process that causes cells to develop into complex tissues
What is morphogenesis?
This layer forms the neural tube, the precursor to the spinal cord
What is ectoderm (neuroectoderm)?
Radiation exposure in the first trimester can lead to this type of disturbance
What are teratogenic effects?