Spanish Monarchs
These two monarchs united their kingdoms and completed the Reconquista in 1492
Isabel of Castilla and Fernando of Aragón
This explorer sought new trade routes by sailing west in 1492
Christopher Columbus
The first major battle Hernán Cortés won in the Americas
The centuries-long process of Christians reclaiming the Iberian Peninsula
The Reconquista
The most valuable trade goods from the East
Spices and silk
This powerful religious court established by Isabel and Fernando to enforce religious uniformity
The specific date Columbus began his famous voyage
August 3, 1492
This indigenous woman became Cortés's crucial interpreter
Malintzin/La Malinche
The religious groups most targeted by the Inquisition in 1492
Jews and Muslims
The sea route previously controlled by Mediterranean traders
The Mediterranean Sea trade route
The year these two monarchs formed a marriage alliance that would unify Spain
1469
The island where Columbus first landed, believing he had reached Asia
Guanahaní (in the Bahamas)
The specific year Mexico-Tenochtitlan fell to the Spanish
1521
The religious group that controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula for over seven centuries
The Muslims
The specific year the Ottoman Empire blocked European trade routes
1543
This was the last Muslim kingdom incorporated into the Spanish domains
Granada
The geographical obstacle that prompted European kingdoms to seek alternative trade routes
The Ottoman Empire's blockade of Mediterranean trade
These indigenous groups allied with Cortés against the Mexica
The Tlaxcalans
The Germanic people who first controlled the Iberian Peninsula and converted to Christianity
The Visigoths
The two Iberian kingdoms with Atlantic ports that gave them a trade advantage
Portugal and Castile
Policies by the Catholic monarchs and the Inquisition led to this
The forced conversion and expulsion of Jews and Muslims
This type of ship Columbus used for his first voyage
Caravels
The Mexica ruler who initially encountered the Spanish conquistadors
Moctezuma Xocoyotzin
The religious festival where Pedro de Alvarado massacred Mexica people
The Tócal festival?
The geographical region Portuguese explorers first navigated
The African coast