Heating
What happens to particles when matter is heated?
Answer: They move faster.
What happens to particles when matter is cooled?
Answer: They move slower.
What is a phase change?
Answer: A change from one state of matter to another.
How does a liquid thermometer work?
Answer: It measures temperature through the expansion or contraction of liquid.
What is unusual about the density of ice compared to liquid water?
Answer: Ice is less dense than liquid water.
What does heating matter do to the attractive forces between particles?
Answer: It weakens them.
What does cooling matter do to the attractive forces between particles?
Answer: It increases them.
What remains constant during a phase change?
Answer: The mass.
What scale do scientists use to measure temperature?
Answer: The Celsius scale.
Why does the surface of a body of water freeze first?
Answer: Because it cools faster than the water below.
How does heating affect the space between particles?
Answer: The space increases.
How does cooling affect the space between particles?
Answer: The space decreases.
Name one example of a phase change.
Answer: Melting, freezing, boiling, sublimation, deposition or condensation.
What is the freezing point of water in degrees Celsius?
Answer: 0°C.
How does ice protect aquatic life?
Answer: It forms an insulating layer over the water.
Describe the particle movement in a heated liquid.
Answer: The particles move more rapidly and spread apart.
Describe the particle movement in a cooled gas.
Answer: The particles move slower and are closer together.
What happens to the volume of matter during a phase change?
Answer: It may change.
What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
Answer: 100°C.
Name a property of water that affects infrastructure design.
Answer: Expansion and contraction due to temperature changes.
How does the particle model explain why hot air rises?
Answer: Hot air is less dense than cooler air, causing it to rise.
Why does ice float on water?
Answer: Ice is less dense than liquid water.
Why is understanding phase changes important in science?
Answer: It helps explain natural processes and material behavior.
Why is the Celsius scale based on water?
Answer: It defines key temperatures for phase changes of water.
Explain how temperature changes influence the construction of bridges.
Answer: Bridges must accommodate expansion and contraction due to temperature fluctuations.