Scientific Method
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Testable question
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What is gravity and give an example?
Gravity pulls down towards the center of Earth
What is mechanical energy? What are two classifications of mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy is the energy of motion.
Kinetic and potential
What is a conductor?
Allows energy to flow through
What is a hypothesis? What words do we always use?
A prediction, If...then...because
What is a physical change and an example?
Physical change: A change that does not make a new substance
What is air resistance? What helps objects stay in the air longer?
Air resistance is a pushing force created by particles in the air that act against gravity
More surface area
What is sound energy? How does it travel?
Energy we can hear, it travels through vibrations
What is a chemical change and an example?
A chemical change is a change in which a new substance is created
What should you include in your conclusion?
If your hypothesis was correct or incorrect and WHY
What are the four changes in matter?
Evaporation, condensation, freezing, melting
What is friction? What does friction create?
A pulling force that works to slow down or stop things from moving. Friction creates heat
What is thermal energy?
What is an insulator?
Heat energy
Insulators stop the flow of energy
What is mass? How do we measure it?
Mass is weight, we measure it using a scale or balance
What is a control variable?
Something you keep the same to make sure the test is fair
If we melt a 20 gram ice cube what will happen?
Be specific!
It will turn from a solid to a liquid.
The mass will stay the same.
What is buoyancy? What does it mean if an object is more buoyant?
Buoyancy is an upward pushing force exerted by water. If an object is more buoyant, it floats better
What is electrical energy and types of circuits? (Bonus points if you can explain the types of circuits)
The energy of moving electrons
Open, closed, series, parallel
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances
What are independent and dependent variables?
Independent: The one thing being changed
Dependent: The one thing being measured
How do the particles in an object change as it either heats up or cools down?
As it heats up, the particles move faster.
As it cools down, the particles move slower.
What is magnetic force? When is it a pushing force and pulling force?
Pushing: same forces, NN or SS
Pulling: opposite forces, NS
What is light energy and the three passages of light?
Light energy is energy we can see
Transparent, translucent, opaque
What are the four light behaviors AND explain each one?
Refract, reflect, absorb, and transmit