Crust & Lithosphere
What is the outermost layer of Earth called?
Crust
What causes tectonic plates to move?
Uneven heating of the asthenosphere by Earth's core.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates move towards each other?
Convergent boundary
What is a long stretch of mountains called?
Mountain range.
Who proposed the theory of Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegener
What term describes the rigid outer layer of Earth?
Lithosphere
What happens when two tectonic plates move away from each other?
New lithosphere is created
Describe what happens at a divergent boundary.
Plates move away from each other and new crust is formed.
What underwater mountain system is formed at divergent boundaries?
Ocean Ridge
What was the name of the supercontinent?
Pangaea.
What is the difference between crust and lithosphere?
Crust refers to the chemical composition while lithosphere refers to the physical properties.
What is it called when an oceanic plate sinks below a continental plate?
Subduction
What is a transform boundary?
A boundary where two plates slide past each other without creating or destroying crust
What is the deepest part of the ocean?
Deep ocean trench
What is one piece of evidence for Pangaea?
Similar landforms or fossils found on different continents.
What materials make up oceanic crust?
Igneous rocks and minerals, primarily basalt
What can occur when tectonic plates slide past each other?
Earthquakes
Provide an example of oceanic-continental convergence.
Andes Mountains.
Name a landform created by convergent boundaries.
Mountain ranges or volcanoes.
Describe what happens to continents over millions of years according to this theory.
Continents drift apart from each other.
What is the primary mineral associated with continental crust?
Granite.
Name the three types of plate boundaries
Convergent, divergent, transform.
What is formed at a convergent boundary between two continental plates?
Mountain Range
What geological feature is often formed by subducting oceanic plates?
Volcanoes or deep ocean trenches.
What does fossil evidence suggest about the continents?
Similar fossils found on different continents indicate they were once connected.