DNA Structure
What is DNA referred to as?
The blue print of life
Where do the Okazaki Fragments added?
On the lagging strand
!!! DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!!
What is also known as Protein Synthesis?
Translation
What is the process of making mRNA from the complementary DNA strand
Transcription
What is a mutation?
Changing or altering the nitrogen bases in a DNA strand
!!! DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!!
Name the four nitrogen bases in DNA
Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine and Adenine
After DNA unzips, this strand continuously gets coded or read by DNA polymerase
Leading Strand
What is a sequence of nucleotides in mRNA determine the sequence of amino acids (building blocks) of proteins
Translation
What is the sugar in RNA?
Ribose
What is the first thing you do in order to know the type of mutation?
Count the bases in the original DNA strand
What helps condense and pack the protein in DNA?
Histones
Name this enzyme: codes and reconnects the okazaki fragments
Ligase
What are the nitrogen bases in RNA?
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine
Name the three types of RNA
Messenger (mRNA)
Transfer (tRNA)
Ribosomal (rRNA)
!!!DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!!
Which mutation changes the DNA structure but does not change the amino acids?
Substitution Silent
What does the nucleotide consist of?
Alternating phosphates and sugar and the nitrogen bases
!!!DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!!
What is semi-conservative?
One half of the original DNA is always saved or used to reduce the chance of errors during replication.
Where does Translation happen?
In the ribosomes
Where does transcription happen?
In the nucleus
What are the TWO categories and the FIVE types of mutations?
Frameshift and Substitution
Insertion, Deletion, Silent, Nonsense and Missense
What qualifies the nitrogen bases as a purine?
It has two rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms
!!! DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!!
List the order of DNA Replication enzymes
Helicase
Primase
Polymerase
Ligase
Name the start codon, and amino acid and the three stop codons.
AUG, Met, UGA, UAG, UAA
How do the base pairs work in RNA?
A <--> U
T --> A
G <--> C
Looking at this information, what mutation is this?
DNA- TAC GGC CAG Mutated- TAC CGC CAG
mRNA- AUG CCG GUC mRNA- AUG GCG GUC
A.A- Met, Pro, Val A.A- Met, Ala, Val
Substitution Missense