People
Who was the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I?
John Pershing
What was the largest battle fought by the British Army during World War I, beginning on July 1, 1916, and known for its high casualty rate?
Battle of the Somme
What was the period of rapid industrial growth that began in the late 18th century and led to major technological advancements, urbanization, and changes in labor?
Industrial Revolution
What was Germany’s military strategy in World War I that aimed to avoid a two-front war by quickly defeating France before turning to fight Russia?
Schlieffen Plan
Who was the U.S. president during World War I, known for his Fourteen Points and advocating for the League of Nations?
Woodrow Wilson
What was the first major battle of World War I in which French and British forces stopped the German advance into France in September 1914?
First Battle of the Marne
What was the German naval policy during World War I that involved sinking enemy and neutral ships without warning, contributing to the U.S. entering the war?
Unrestricted Subwarmine Warfare
What was the German military campaign in the spring of 1918 that aimed to break the stalemate on the Western Front before American forces could fully arrive?
German offensives of 1918
Who was the French general who served as the Supreme Allied Commander during the final months of World War I?
Ferdinand Foch
What was the failed Allied campaign in 1915–1916 that aimed to seize control of the Dardanelles Strait and force the Ottoman Empire out of World War I?
Battle of Gallipoli
Who was the German general who played a key role in Germany’s military strategy during World War I and later participated in the failed Kapp Putsch?
Erich Ludendorff
What was the World War I defensive strategy that involved falling back from initial attacks, forcing the enemy to advance into well-prepared positions, and then counterattacking?
Elastic Defense
Who was the German Chief of the General Staff during World War I and oversaw the strategy at Verdun?
Erick von Falkenhayn
What was the second major battle along the Marne River in July 1918, marking the turning point of World War I as the Allies halted the last major German offensive?
Second Battle of the Marne
What was the series of conflicts fought between 1864 and 1871 that led to the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership, including wars against Denmark, Austria, and France?
Wars of German Unification
What was the military strategy used in World War I and beyond that aimed to destroy an enemy’s war-making capacity by targeting infrastructure, factories, and civilian morale?
Strategic Bombing
Who was the British commander-in-chief during World War I, leading British forces during the Battle of the Somme and Passchendaele?
Douglas Haig
What was the brutal World War I battle between German and French forces in 1916, lasting nearly a year and becoming one of the longest and costliest battles in history?
Battle of Verdun
Who was the German field marshal and later president of the Weimar Republic, serving from 1925 to 1934?
Paul von Hindenburg
What was the largest land battle of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, fought in Manchuria, where Japanese forces defeated the Russians after weeks of intense combat?
Battle of Mukden
Who was the French general who led the defense of Verdun in 1916 and later became the head of the Vichy government during World War II?
Phillippe Petain
What was the major Eastern Front battle of 1914 where German forces decisively defeated the Russian Second Army, leading to a shift in power early in World War I?
Battle of Tannenberg
What was the treaty signed in 1919 that officially ended World War I and placed heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany?
Treaty of Versailles
What was France’s pre-World War I military strategy that emphasized offensive attacks, particularly through bayonet charges, to regain lost territory?
Plan XVII
Who was the German statesman responsible for the unification of Germany in 1871 and the architect of its foreign policy until 1890?
Otto Von Bismark
What was the decisive naval battle in 1905 between Japan and Russia, where the Japanese fleet destroyed much of the Russian navy, marking the first major victory of an Asian power over a European power in modern times?
Battle of Tsushima
What was the international organization founded after World War I with the goal of maintaining peace, but ultimately failed to prevent World War II?
League of Nations
What were the small, highly trained German assault units used in World War I that relied on speed, infiltration, and surprise attacks to break through enemy trench lines?
Stürmtruppen Tactics