Vocabulary
What system supports soft tissues, protects the body, surface for attachment of muscles, tendons & ligaments & produces blood cells?
Skeletal System
What are (4) developmental consideration of the older adult? (pg. 1247)
1.) Kyphosis 2.) loss of muscle tone 3.) fat loss 4.) arthritic joints.
A CPM (continuous passive motion) device is being used for the patient recovering from a knee replacement. What kind of exercise is this?
Isokinetic
The patient present with decreased food intake, poor digestion with the inability to defecate affecting the GI system.
Give 2 examples of what the nurse would implement to correct these issues?
Encourage mobility
Offer fluids & foods according to patient preferences
* If this doesn't improve move on to something more (meds)
OSHA stands for?
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
* Together with Joint Commission they implement techniques for safe patient handing and mobility programs to improve quality patient care and reduce risks of harm for patient and health care workers.
What three (3) types of muscles make up the skeletal system?
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth or visceral.
Skeletal-bone & tendons
Cardiac-heart
Smooth/Visceral stomach & intestines
Physical health affects mobility. Name 1 way to encourage patients to continue to perform (ADL's) activities of daily living.
1. Encourage attempts that promote self-care (offer supportive solutions)
2. Reinforce behaviors that promote health functioning (congratulate)
3. Correct behaviors that compound mobility deficits (teach)
Is the depth of respiration, respiratory rate, gas exchange, and rate of carbon dioxide excretion decreased or increased with exercise?
Increased
Name 5 general survey assessment areas related to mobility. (Table 34-5)
1. ease of movement/gait
2. alignment
3. joints structure/function
4. muscle mass, tone, strength
5. endurance
A gait belt can be used on a patient with full leg strength recovering from open heart surgery (CABG)?
False
* Although the patient has full leg strength, it should not be used on a patient with an abdominal or thoracic incision.
Practice of designing equipment and work tasks to conform to the worker.
Ergonomics
Name 3 mobility issues you should you consider when caring for a patient with a central nervous system disorder?
(ex: Parkinson's, Stroke)
Weakness, loss of function in one or multiple extremities, tremors, muscle rigidity.
Regular exercise increased flexibility, reduces bone loss, increases nerve impulses, slowing down the aging process and preventing what diagnosis associated with aging?
Osteoporosis
Assess body alignment in what 3 positions?
Standing, Sitting, and Lying
Give 3 examples of lateral-assist devices.
Roller boards
Slide boards
Transfer boards
Inflatable mattresses
What are the 3 types of muscle contractions? What do they each mean?
Isometric-contraction without shortening (yoga)
Isokinetic-contraction with resistance (resistance bands)
Patient has their head bowed, shoulders slumped and lack energy to eat or drink. This could be a sign of what mental health issue?
Depression
Metabolic rate increases by how much during exercise?
20 times the person's normal rate
Hypertrophy and Atrophy are term to describe what?
Muscle Mass
Hypertrophy is increased muscle mass (exercise training)
Atrophy is decreased muscle mass d/t chronic conditions or lack of exercise.
What are 3 ways to prevent footdrop?
*Dorsiflexion position of foot* Toes point downward*
Footboards
Foot boots
Splints
High Top Sneakers
Decreased tone described as weakness and Increased tone described as stiffness.
Flaccidity
Spasticity
It is cold, windy and rainy outside today. What factor is influencing a person's inability to exercise?
External Factor
Name 2 risk factors to consider when exercising?
cardiac event
pain and discomfort; related to orthopedic problems or injury.
What are 3 outcomes you hope to obtain for your immobile patient?
Prevent skin breakdown
Signs of adequate circulation
Maintain muscle mass, tone & strength.
Name these positions
45-60 degrees
90 degrees
30 degrees
Semi-Fowler position
High Fowler position
Low Fowler position