Diffusion
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is osmosis?
The movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
Does active transport require energy?
Yes
Why do fingers wrinkle after being in water for a long time?
Osmosis causes water to move into skin cells
What part of the cell controls what enters and exits?
The cell membrane
Diffusion does not require energy. What type of transport is it?
Passive transport.
What happens to an animal cell placed in a dilute solution?
It swells and may burst.
What molecule provides energy for active transport?
ATP
How does drinking too much saltwater affect human cells?
Water leaves the cells, causing dehydration
What common household ingredient can be used to demonstrate osmosis with an egg?
Vinegar, which dissolves the shell and allows water movement through the membrane.
Name two factors that affect the rate of diffusion.
Temperature and concentration gradient
What term describes the shrinking of a plant cell when placed in a concentrated solution?
Plasmolysis
Name one example of active transport in living organisms.
Any correct answer.
What process allows roots to absorb water from the soil?
Osmosis
What would happen if diffusion and osmosis didn’t occur in the human body?
Cells wouldn’t get the nutrients and oxygen they need, and waste wouldn’t be removed
Give an example of diffusion in the human body.
Oxygen moving from the lungs into the bloodstream.
Why don’t plant cells burst when placed in a dilute solution?
The cell wall prevents it from bursting.
What happens to the concentration gradient when active transport occurs?
Substances move against the concentration gradient
Why does adding salt to meat help preserve it?
Osmosis removes water, preventing bacterial growth.
Why do plant cells become firm when watered?
Water enters by osmosis, creating turgor pressure.
What happens to the rate of diffusion when the surface area of a membrane increases?
It increases.
What is the name of the pressure exerted by water inside a plant cell?
Turgor pressure.
What are 2 ways that active transport is different from diffusion?
Any correct answer.
What is one way active transport helps plants survive?
It allows roots to absorb minerals from the soil, even when the concentration is lower outside the root cells
Why do grocery stores spray fresh vegetables with water?
To keep them crisp by maintaining turgor pressure in their cells