DNA Structure
This is the name for the enzyme that glues together new fragments of DNA during replication.
What is ligase?
This molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
What is tRNA?
Cell preparation for division occurs.
What is the G2 phase?
This is the term for the type of protein which acts to cut a segment of DNA at a specific sequence.
What is a restriction enzyme.
Helicase plays this role in DNA replication.
What is unwinding and unzipping the DNA double helix?
The term you use for describing matching base pairings.
What is complementary?
Two key differences between RNA and DNA.
What are uracil vs. thymine, single vs. double stranded, ribose vs. deoxyribose, cytoplasm vs. nucleus...?
Chromosomes are lined up on the cell's equator in this phase.
What is metaphase?
PCR stands for this.
What is polymerase chain reaction?
Two types of point mutation that occur at one point in the DNA sequence.
What are substitution and nonsense mutations?
Adenine and guanine have two carbon rings and thus are classified as __________.
What are purines?
Anticodons and codons are found on these RNA molecules.
What are tRNA (anticodons) and mRNA (codons)?
Cell cytoplasm divides in this phase.
What is cytokinesis?
"Ingredients" you need to perform a pcr.
What are DNA template, primers, buffer, taq polymerase, dNTPs?
It affects how fast the DNA strands move through the gel in gel electrophoresis.
What is the length of the DNA strands?
The amount of hydrogen bonds between Cystosine and Guanine.
What is three?
The cell organelle in which translation takes place.
What are ribosomes?
Chromosomes before mitosis = 46. Chromosomes at end of mitosis in each cell =
What is 46?
This causes the DNA to migrate through the gel during gel eletrcophoresis.
What is electrical current?
The “unit” used to estimate the approximate lengths of the DNA strands in your sample in gel electrophoresis.
What is Base Pairs (bp)?
The components of a nucleotide.
What are sugar, phosphor and nitrogenous base?
One similarity and one difference between a missense mutation and a nonsense mutation?
Similarity: Both mutations are caused by a single base substitution in DNA
Difference: A missense mutation changes the amino acid coded for, while a nonsense mutation changes codon to STOP.
Nucleic acid that makes up the bulk of a chromosome.
What is DNA?
Large groups of DNA strands that are grouped together in the gel.
What are bands?
A mutation that throws off the entire amino acid sequence.
What is a frameshift mutation (deletion, insertion)?