Category 1: Indigenous Peoples & Colonists
How did Indigenous peoples help early colonists survive?
They taught colonists how to farm, hunt, and use local plants.
What is a cash crop?
A crop grown specifically to be sold for profit (e.g., tobacco, rice, cotton).
What were the main industries in the New England Colonies?
Shipbuilding, fishing, and small-scale farming.
Why did many colonists come to America?
To escape religious persecution.
What were two major effects of European colonization on Indigenous peoples?
Disease and land loss
What was the Atlantic Slave Trade?
The forced movement of enslaved Africans to the American colonies to work on plantations.
Which colonial region was called the “Breadbasket Colonies”
The Middle Colonies
How did most colonists get their food?
Farming, hunting, and trading.
Name one crop Indigenous peoples introduced to colonists.
Corn (maize).
What was the Triangular Trade?
A trade system connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, exchanging goods like sugar, rum, and enslaved people.
Why was geography important to the colonial economy?
It determined what crops could be grown and which industries developed.
What type of homes did most colonists live in?
True or False: Indigenous peoples and colonists always had peaceful relationships.
False. Conflicts over land and resources led to many battles.
Which colonial region had the most plantations?
The Southern Colonies.
What made the Southern Colonies good for farming?
Warm climate and fertile soil.
What were common methods of travel in the colonies?
Walking, horseback riding, and boats.
What was the name of the Indigenous leader who helped the Pilgrims survive their first winter?
Squanto.
What was specialization in the colonial economy?
Focusing on making or growing specific products based on natural resources.
Which colony was known for growing tobacco as a major cash crop?
Virginia
How did colonists pay for goods if they didn’t have money?