Operationalism and measurements (Ch. 4)
Dr. Shehan decides to balance the potential effect of morning versus afternoon intervention sessions (Variable = Session_Time) in her analyses of participant outcomes. In this example, Session_Time is what kind of variable?
What is a control variable?
I use a list of all licensed childcare centers in the state of Colorado to select my sample of centers to include in my research study. What is this list called as it relates to sampling?
What is sampling frame?
In order to conclude the independent variable caused the change to your dependent variable, the three criteria for what must be met?
What is causal inference?
I assess the number of billboards advertising sugar-sweetened beverages each month for 6 months in two different counties prior to one of the counties enacting a law restricting these ads. I then assess the number of billboards advertising sugar-sweetened beverages in both counties each month for 6 months after the law enactment. Which of the following best describes this study design?
What is a time series design?
Researchers would like to know if listening to a specific type of music helps students learned better.
What is the independent variable?
what is type of music?
Quality sleep contributes to good health. A large study of older adults found a relationship between hours slept and health outcomes. As hours of sleep increased, so did positive health outcomes until sleep reached 13 hours a day, then health outcomes decreased. This is an example of what kind of relationship?
What is curvilinear correlation?
The ability to generalize findings to other, different populations is referred to as:
What is external validity?
Random assignment into participant groups in your study will help reduce . . .
What is selection bias?
The U.S. Census Current Population Survey is an example of what type of study design?
What is a Trend study?
In a study about headaches, doctors gave patients Alieve, Tylenol, Advil, and Excedrin, to see which medication would relieve the headache pain the fastest. The doctors timed how long it took the medication to work.
What is the dependent variable?
What is how long did it take for the medication to work?
A five-point level of agreement scale on a survey is an example of what type of measurement?
What is Ordinal?
You send an online survey to parent group leaders at the schools you wish to study. At the end of the study, you ask if respondents could provide the names of other parents who might be interested in participating in the survey. This is an example of
What is snowball sampling?
When scores are particularly low or high, there is a tendency for these scores to move toward the mean or average score. This threat to internal validity is called
What is statistical regression?
True/False
Causal Inference can be made from cross-sectional studies
What is false?
Dr. Saxena is starting with a preexisting group at the hospital and has inclusion and exclusion criteria. What type of sampling is Dr. Saxena using?
What is purposive sampling?
The principal investigator of a research study has two research assistants collect observational data to assess parent–child interactions in play areas. They have a protocol to determine consistency in their ratings. This is an example of:
What is Inter-rater reliability?
I use a random table of numbers to help me select my sample of 100 patients of a federally qualified health center. What sampling method am I using?
What is simple random?
True or false.
Internal validity is the extent to which a measure accurately depicts what it is intended to measure.
What is True?
If results from my study on sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention in an urban high school can be generalized to suburban and rural high schools, my study has
What is ecological external validity?
The evaluators administer the pre-test for an evaluation as a pen and paper survey, and then for the post-test decide to adapt the survey to an online version. What threat to internal validity should she be concerned with?
What is Instrumentation?
A reference to capturing the true reflection or real meaning of a concept with a measure is called:
What is Validity?
The hallmark of probability sampling is
What is random slection
Dr. Salo wants to compare the effectiveness of text message versus email modalities to encourage diabetes patients to fill out food diaries. She randomizes patients into three groups. She assesses the completeness of the patients’ food diaries, then one group gets text messages, one group gets emails, and the control group gets no communication. After 4 weeks, she reassesses the completeness of their food diaries. This study design is called
What is Alternative treatment study design?
The hallmark of quasi-experimental studies is?
What is lack of random assignment?
The threat to internal validity "history" refers to:
What is something that happened during the course of the study?