Science Review
What is the order of Earth’s layers, from most dense to least dense?
Core, Mantle, Crust
Why is the composition of the mantle molten while the crust is solid?
Convection Currents
How does mountain building occur?
When two plates collide in a convergent boundary
A scientist notices while driving across North Carolina that in the western part of the state the soils are red clay, while in the eastern part of the state the soils are black. Why are there different soil types?
Different parent material
Which properties of soil most often affect its ability to support plant growth?
A. texture, pH, and fertility
B. color, shape, and particle size
C. location, particle size, and color
D. pH, location, and dissolved oxygen
texture, pH, and fertility
Which layer of Earth has the highest temperature?
Inner Core
Which factor has caused the most changes in Earth’s surface throughout history?
Tectonic Plates
Which most likely occurs at a subduction zone?
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Which is the process, caused by moving water, wind, ice, and gravity, that transports sediment from one place to another?
erosion
What must happen to sedimentary rock before it is transformed into igneous rock?
It must melt and turn into magma
Which layer of Earth is the most dense?
Inner Core
Which type of plate boundary is changing the crustal surface when they are separating from one another?
Divergent Boundary
What is the geological process that creates an ocean
trench?
An oceanic crust plate sliding up underneath another oceanic crust plate
How do worms affect soil?
They create tunnels in the soil which allow air to get into the soil
Which type of rock is created when heat and pressure act on an existing rock?
Metamorphic rock
Which layer of Earth contains tectonic plates that slowly move?
Mantle
Which tectonic plate boundary that causes crustal earthquakes?
Transform Boundary
Please describe oceanic crust and continental crust referring to its thickness.
Oceanic Crust is thin but more dense and Continental Crust is thick but less dense
Which is a vertical section of soil that shows the layers?
Soil Horizon
What environment would soil most likely form quickly?
A warm, wet region
Which geological structure refers to the upper rigid layer of Earth that consists of the crust and part of the upper mantle?
Lithosphere
How would a scientist study waves of energy that travel through Earth’s layers?
Seismology
Which is a process that can break down rocks into soil?
Water freezing in the cracks of rocks and then melting washing away the soil and breaking down rocks
How is Sedimentary Rock formed?
Taking broken rock sediments and adding pressure to create layered rock.
Why is it important to protect and conserve our soil
Humans need to maintain the soil nutrients so that farmers can continue to grow food on fertile lands