Dement and Kleitman
What was the total number of people on the Dement and Kleitman sample?
9
What type of research method was used in the Hassett et al. study?
Field experiment
Name one piece of quantitative data that was gathered in this study.
1. MRI brains 2. FFMQ scores 3. Time spent on homework from homework logs
What is the name of a task that is done alongside the main task?
Concurrent task
What is it called when someone identifies a person who was not the "suspect"?
False positive
What is thought to be developed in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder? Use this exact phrase
Theory of mind
Name the machine that was used to measure brain activity
EEG
List the aim of the Hasset et al. study
To see if the toy preferences of monkeys is similar to those of human children
"Parts of the brain are associated with particular activities". What is this known as?
Localization of function
Give one feature of the Andrade sample
1. 40 people
2. Aged 18-55
3. 45 females, 5 males
4. "General population"
What was the age range of the children in the Pozzulo study?
4-7 years old
What was different about this study from previous studies?
There were more options (4 instead of 2), more questions (36 instead of 25), used complex emotions instead of basic
What was one control used to ensure validity?
No caffeine or alcohol before bed, set bedtime, dark and quiet room, always woken with the same loud bell
What were TWO dependent variables in the Hasset et al. study?
1. Type of toy preferred (measured by frequency)
2. Amount of time they played with the toy (duration)
What design (not research method) was used in this study?
Longitudinal
List one feature of the message that was used in the Andrade study
Recorded telephone message, 2.5 minutes long, 227 words per minutes, monotonus tone, about a party
What are two factors that caused correct identification to increase?
Age of the participants (adults did better), familiarity with the target (cartoon v. human)
What is the biggest weakness of this study in concerns of generalizability?
No female participants
What type of qualitative data was gathered?
Participant's narrative of dream content
What is the advantage of using monkeys instead of human children?
Monkeys aren't exposed to as much gender-based socialization as humans, so preferences are based on biological factors alone
What correlation was being considered in this study?
Did any increase in time spent on mindfulness homework lead to an increase in gray matter?
Participants in the control group correctly recalled a mean of how many party-goer names?
7.1
What is one reason why children have higher levels of false positives than adults?
They feel like the "have" to identify because of perceived authority or social pressures
How was the "correct" emotion chosen for each set of eyes beforehand?
6 out of 8 people had to agree. If not, that question was tossed out (happened to 4 out of the original 40)
List the results (using data) which proves the conclusion that dreams do happen in "real time"
When participants were offered a choice of estimating that they had been dreaming for 5 or 15 minutes, the accuracy of estimation was 88% for 5 minutes and 78% for 15 minutes
How did the Hasset et al. compare procedurally with similar studies done on children?
Give one validity strength and weakness for the Holzel study
Strength- Longitudinal design helps eliminate confounding variables
Weakness- Participants could lie on the FFMQ or the amount of time spent on the homework
How many people from the doodle group correctly identified the place names?
2.6
What were the children told about the study in an effort to increase internal validity?
That the study was about TV shows and video games
Analyze the ecological validity of the study
It is low, because seeing a pair of eyes on a computer screen is very different that seeing someone's whole face in real life