Mystery 1
after a short time as an independent nation, Sam Houston petitioned the U.S. government to be added as a state
Annexation of Texas
land acquisition in the present-day Pacific Northwest; formerly disputed territory by Russia, England, Spain, and the U.S.; acquired by President Polk ("54, 40" or Fight)
Oregon Territory
immigrant group who left their European homeland due to political unrest and food shortages; worked primarily in northern factories
Germans
purchased from Spain in 1819 for $5 million; Adams-Onis Treaty
Florida (Florida Cession)
immigrant group who left their European homeland due to a severe potato famine; worked primarily in northern factories
Irish
regional location of violence between proslavery and anti-slavery supporters; revolved around the Compromise of 1850
Bleeding Kansas
nullified the Missouri Compromise, instituted Popular Sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska; led to conflict in the plains involving the issue of slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act
political party that believed in the non-expansion of slavery in new territories; Abraham Lincoln started this party
Republican
(1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory.
Mexican-American War
law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders
Fugitive Slave Act
agreement w/ Mexico that gave the U.S. parts of present-day New Mexico & Arizona in exchange for $10 million; purchased to complete the southern transcontinental railroad
Gadsden Purchase
religious group that faced persecution and decided to head west; settled in present day Utah
Mormons (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints)
radical abolitionist who, with his sons, killed pro-slavery supporters in the Kansas Territory and whose later raid in Harpers Ferry resulted in his execution
John Brown
land acquired by the United States following the Mexican-American War in present-day American Southwest
Mexican Cession
different parts of the country developing unique and separate cultures (as the North, South and West); led to conflict
sectionalism
an idea held by nineteenth-century Americans that the United States was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific
Manifest Destiny
Supreme Court decision that stated that slaves were not citizens; that living in a free state or territory, even for many years, did not free slaves; declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
Dred Scott v. Sandford
early legislation establishing where slavery would and would not be established regarding new U.S. territories in westward expansion
Missouri Compromise of 1820
1803 purchase from France by Thomas Jefferson which doubled the size of the United States
Louisiana Purchase
California admitted as a free state; fugitive slave laws; slave trade banned in Washington DC; popular sovereignty in the Mexican Cession
Compromise of 1850