Lebanon’s Population and Social Structure
Why did the increase in the Muslim population in Lebanon disturb the social balance?
Christians were no longer the majority, and power sharing changed
What was the main reason for the government’s ineffectiveness during the civil war?
The state couldn’t control the militias.
Why did Israel claim it intervened in Lebanon in 1978?
To prevent PLO attacks on Israel.
What was Israel’s main goal when it invaded Lebanon in 1982?
To completely eliminate the PLO.
Why did the UN fail to bring peace in Lebanon?
Because the parties didn’t trust the UN and its influence was limited.
What kind of problems arose from cities in Lebanon being divided by religious identity?
Tension and distrust developed between communities.
How did the support of foreign powers for militias affect the conflict?
The war became longer and more complicated
Why was UNIFIL unable to ensure Israel’s withdrawal from Lebanon?
Israel and militias didn’t recognize or obstructed UNIFIL.
Which international institution was placed in a difficult position when Israel advanced to Beirut?
The United Nations.
What key function of the UN was obstructed by the many militias and foreign powers in Lebanon?
Its ability to provide peace and security.
What was the political effect of Palestinian refugees concentrating in certain areas in Lebanon?
The weight of the Muslim population increased and the PLO gained more influence.
What was the biggest challenge for communities trying to stay neutral during the war?
They were pressured by both Christian and Muslim militias to take sides.
What issue in the UN’s general security system was revealed by UNIFIL’s failure?
The limited deterrent power of UN peacekeepers in conflict zones
Why did Israel continue to support militias in some areas after its 1985 withdrawal?
To protect its interests through indirect presence.
What was UNIFIL’s biggest structural difficulty
Its mobility was limited and it depended on the approval of all parties.
What was the result of each group in Lebanon wanting to provide its own security?
Armed militias were formed.
How did the 1975 war change the concept of “balance” in Lebanese society?
The existing religious/political balance was destroyed and conflict became permanent.
What was the main reason UNIFIL struggled to fulfill its duties?
Its power to use force was limited and it was stuck between the parties.
What controversial issue in international law did the UN’s ineffectiveness during the 1982 invasion raise?
How much international interventions by states can be controlled.
How did the UN’s failure affect the perception of the Lebanese people?
Trust in international institutions decreased.
How did the PLO’s settlement in Lebanon pose a structural threat to the country?
An armed force outside of the state emerged, weakening authority.
Why was the civil war in Lebanon not only religious but also political?
Each group had different political interests, which fueled the war.
Why did Israel criticize UNIFIL as being biased?
They thought the UN didn’t pressure Lebanese militias enough.
How did Israel’s second invasion affect the religious balance in Lebanon?
It caused further radicalization and polarization.
Lübnan örneği barışı koruma misyonlarının işe yaramadığı durumlarda ne gösterdi?
Yerel taraflar işbirliği yapmadığında ve silahlı gruplar çok güçlü olduğunda.