Physical Development
What harmful substances can interfere with prenatal development?
What are teratogens?
Who developed the four-stage theory of cognitive development?
Who is Jean Piaget?
What parenting style is high in warmth and high in control?
What is authoritative parenting?
In classical conditioning, what do we call a learned response to a once neutral stimulus?
What is a conditioned response?
This is the process of learning through association between stimuli.
What is classical conditioning?
What is the name of the automatic turning reflex in newborns when touched on the cheek?
What is the rooting reflex?
In which stage do children develop object permanence?
What is the sensorimotor stage?
What attachment style shows distress at separation and is difficult to comfort?
What is anxious attachment?
Giving a child candy for doing homework is an example of what type of reinforcement?
What is positive reinforcement?
What is it called when behavior decreases because it is followed by an unpleasant consequence?
What is punishment?
What is the term for the biological process of physical growth?
What is maturation?
What does assimilation mean in cognitive development?
What is fitting new experiences into existing schemas?
What theory explains how different levels of environment, from immediate family to broader culture, influence a child’s development?
What is Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory?
What learning process involves watching and imitating others?
What is modeling (or observational learning)?
In operant conditioning, what is reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior?
What is shaping?
What is the term for the first menstrual period in females?
What is menarche?
What language milestone comes after babbling but before full sentences?
What is the one-word stage (or holophrastic speech)?
Two ideas/issues at conflict in Erickson's adolescent stage of development.
What is identity vs. role confusion?
Which reinforcement schedule is most resistant to extinction?
What is variable ratio?
What experiment demonstrated observational learning using a doll?
What is the Bobo doll experiment (Bandura)?
Which term describes the stage when individuals lose reproductive ability, typically in women?
What is menopause?
What is Vygotsky’s concept of the difference between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with guidance?
What is the zone of proximal development?
What is Erikson’s final psychosocial stage, typically in late adulthood?
What is integrity vs. despair?
What kind of learning occurs without reinforcement and may not appear until needed?
What is latent learning?
This type of learning happens suddenly after a period of inactivity and without trial-and-error.
What is insight learning?