Vital signs
What is the normal pulse rate for a resting adult?
60–100 bpm
Which two systems are responsible for circulating oxygen?
Respiratory and circulatory systems
What are two common pulse points?
Carotid and radial
What does AED stand for?
Automated External Defibrillator
What’s the first step in any emergency situation?
Check the scene for safety
How does an infant’s pulse rate compare to an adult’s?
Faster – usually 100–160 bpm
What happens to the heart during cardiac arrest?
It stops beating or beats ineffectively
Where do you check the pulse on an unconscious adult?
Carotid artery in the neck
What is the correct depth for chest compressions on an adult?
At least 2 inches
How do you treat a minor burn?
Cool water, cover with clean bandage, don’t apply butter/ice
What is the normal respiratory rate for a child?
20–30 breaths per minute
What is the role of CPR during cardiac arrest?
Manually pumps blood and delivers oxygen to organs
Where is the best pulse point on an infant?
Brachial artery—inside of upper arm
What is the compression-to-breath ratio for adult CPR?
30 compressions to 2 breaths
How do you control severe bleeding?
Apply direct pressure, elevate, add more dressing if needed
Why do infants have higher respiratory and heart rates than adults?
Smaller lungs and higher metabolic rate
How does AED help during cardiac arrest?
Delivers shock to restore heart rhythm
How long should you check for a pulse before starting CPR?
No more than 10 seconds
What should you do before pressing the shock button on an AED?
Make sure no one is touching the victim
What does the acronym SAMPLE stand for in First Aid?
Symptoms, Allergies, Meds, Past med history, Last meal, Events
Compare pulse and respiratory rates for an adult, child, and infant.
Infant: highest, Child: moderate, Adult: lowest
What happens to oxygen flow when both systems fail?
Oxygen can’t reach the brain and organs—risk of brain damage/death
Name the steps to check respiratory rate.
Look, listen, feel; count breaths for 30 secs Ă— 2
Name the five steps of using an AED.
Power on, attach pads, analyze, clear, shock if advised
Describe the recovery position.
Side-lying, arm under head, leg bent to stabilize