Biochemistry
True or False
Breast Milk contains more than 700 types of bacteria.
True
True or False
Outcomes are the same regardless of the dose of human milk an infant receives over time.
False
True or False
None of the Healthy People 2020 objectives were met for non-Hispanic Black mothers and their infants.
True
It is always best to feed ______ vs ______ breast milk so that the bioactive components can be best utilized by the infant.
Fresh vs frozen
Gap junctions between intestinal cells in preterm infants ________ faster in infants fed breast milk rather than formula.
Close
Human Milk feeding has the greatest impact on this disease of prematurity.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Name 2 psychosocial benefits to mothers who provide breast milk to their baby in the NICU.
Enhances bonding
Encourages relaxation and stress reduction
Increased sense of well being
Improved self esteem
Feel that they are an important part of their infant's care team
What is the name of the cells in breast milk that can self-renew into an undifferentiated state and then further delineate into distinct cell types?
Stem Cells
What is the name of the polysaccharide in human milk that shares structural likeness with pathogenic bacteria and prevents their adherence to intestinal cell walls and is not destroyed in the pasteurization of donor human milk?
Oligosaccharides
Exclusive BF at 1 month reduced the risk of SIDS by _____%?
50%
Mothers struggle most to initiate or maintain breast milk provision for their infant?
Maintain
Name 3 breastfeeding contraindications.
Galactosemia
Phenylketonuria
HIV
HTLV I and II
Active TB
Certain prescription drugs
Illicit drugs
What is the name of the immunoglobulin that coats the gut, passively providing immunity during the early days of reduced neonatal gut immunity?
Secretory IgA
Name 3 Long Term outcomes improved in all infants (not specifically preterm) who are fed breast milk versus formula
Allergies
Asthma
Obesity
Diabetes
Childhood leukemia
Celiac Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Neurodevelopmental Impairment
Name 2 of the 3 ways that mothers establish a healthy microbiome in their newborn infant.
Amniotic fluid
Vaginal delivery
Breast feeding
What is the dose of human milk to the oral mucosa when providing oral immune therapy?
.1 ml per cheek
What bacteria is predominant in breast fed infants creating and maintaining a low intestinal pH which supports growth of good bacteria and prevents pathogenic bacteria from thriving?
Lactobacillus Bifidus
Name 3 outcomes specific to preterm infants that are reduced in infants fed breast milk versus formula
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Late Onset Sepsis
Chronic Lung Disease
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Neurodevelopmental Impairment
Name 3 health benefits for mothers who breastfeed their infant.
Less post partum bleeding
More rapid uterine involution
Lactational Amenorrhea
Reduced symptoms in diabetic mothers (require less insulin)
Improved bone mineralization post partum
Decreased incidence of ovarian cancer
Decreased incidence of premenopausal breast cancer
Name the 2 Healthy People 2030 Goals regarding breastfeeding.
Increase the proportion of infants who are breastfed exclusively through 6 months (42.4%)
Increase the proportion of infants who are breastfed at one year (54.1%)