allele changes
Change in allele frequency leading to a sharp and significant reduction in population size due to an environmental catastrophe
bottleneck effect
___ size is a big factor in how fast alleles are fixed or not
population
mating in HWE
random mating
intermediates are less fit than extremes
disruptive selection
The movement of alleles among populations
gene flow or migration
the loss of genetic diversity
fixation
mating between biological relatives
inbreeding
intermediates are more fit than extremes
stabilizing selection
Alteration of gene frequencies due to chance (stochastic) effects
genetic drift
causes the loss of heterozygosity by random fixation of alleles
genetic drift
preferential mating between phenotypically similar individuals
assortative mating
favors one extreme or the other
directional selection
The smaller the population, the ___ the sampling error during genetic drift
greater
every population follows a unique evolutionary path because drift is __
random
preferential mating between phenotypically dissimilar individuals
disassortative mating
selection that arises from differential reproductive success due to variation in mating success
sexual selection