EKGs
Vital Signs
Labs
Procedures
Medications
100
What is this rhythm?
Normal sinus rhythm
100
What is a "normal" heart rate range?
60-100
100
Below what number for HGB do we transfuse a patient with blood?
<7
100
Which procedure takes the longest: X-ray, CT, or MRI?
MRI
100
What medication do we give to many patients in the hospital to help prevent blood clots?
Heparin
200
What is this rhythm?
Atrial fibrilation
200
What does MAP stand for, and what is the MAP goal for patients here in the hospital?
Mean arterial pressure. >65
200
Why do we never want to push IV K?
Risk for cardiac arrest
200
What do we always want to be mindful of when entering the MRI suite?
NO magnetic material
200
Is Insulin Humalog fast-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting?
Fast-acting
300
What is the name of this ectopic beat, and what are three causative factors?
-Premature ventricular complex (PVC)
-Electrolyte abnormalities, nicotine, caffeine, alcohol, heart failure, MI, certain medications (such as antihistamines)
300
What is the O2 goal for a patient with COPD?
88%
300
A patient's VBG is as follows:
pH 7.22, CO2 68, O2 44, HCO3 30.
Acidosis or alkalosis? Respiratory or metabolically driven? Compensated or not compensated?
Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
300
What does a TTE stand for, and what does it tell us?
Transthoracic echocardiogram. Provides ultrasound picture of heart, can assess heart function as well as help diagnose heart failure
300
What is a PPI and what do we give it for?
-Proton pump inhibitor
-Gastric ulcer prophylaxis, treatment/prevention of GERD
400
The patient is pulseless with this rhythm. What is it called, and how do we treat?
Pulseless electrical activity. NOT a shockable rhythm. CPR and IV Epinephrine are the treatment.
400
A patient has a FSBG of 52. They are alert and oriented. What is the treatment for the hypoglycemia?
Juice and oral glucose BEFORE IM glucagon or IV Dextrose
400
What is lactic acid (lactate), and what does an elevated lactate indicate?
-By-product of anaerobic glycolysis (cells converting glucose to energy)
-Indicates poor perfusion/oxygenation. i.e. Low blood pressure --> muscle tissues not receiving enough blood with oxygen --> anaerobic glycolysis--> increased lactate
400
What are the two invasive procedures to assess for GI-bleeding?
-Colonoscopy and EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
400
What is the suffix for beta-blockers, and what do beta-blockers do?
-"lol" i.e. metoprolol, labetalol, carvedilol
-Decrease HR, decrease BP
500
What is this segment called? When elevated, what are we worried about?
ST segment. ST elevation raises concern for STEMI (st-elevated myocardial infarction)
500
A patient is tachycardic to 130, hypotensive to 80/40, and febrile to 102.3. What type of shocked are we concerned for?
Septic shock
500
Elevated troponin levels are indicative of what?
Heart muscle death, likely MI
500
What does NPO stand for? (hint: Latin)
Nil per os
500
What is the goal of medication therapy for patients with A-fib?
-Anticoagulation (i.e. Eliquis, heparin)
-Rate control (i.e. beta-blocker)