States of Matter
What are the 3 states of matter?
A measurement of how hot or cold something is.
What is temperature?
0 °C and 100 °C
What is the temperature where water freezes and water boils?
Cannot be created of destroyed.
What is energy?
This is the name of the change from a solid to a liquid
What is melting?
All matter is made of particles too small to be seen.
Particles are always in motion
Particles have spaces between them
What is the Particle Theory of Matter?
When heat moves through something by touching.
What is conduction?
Invented the Celsius scale.
Who is Anders Celsius?
High energy (hot) --> low energy (cold)
What is the direction that thermal energy is always transferred in?
This change happens when a liquid becomes a solid.
What is freezing?
In this state, particles only vibrate, are tightly packed and has a fixed shape.
What is a solid?
As the temperature rises, the particles move faster and gain more kinetic energy. Since the liquid needs space to rise it moves up.
What happens to the liquid inside the thermometer when it gets warmer?
The temperature where no particles are moving.
Absolute Zero (0 K)
The type of energy an object has because it is moving.
What is kinetic energy?
This is the process when a gas turns directly into a solid, skipping the liquid state
What is deposition?
What is a gas?
Energy transferred due to a difference in temperature
What is heat?
Small-scale, home-based: Thermostats, ovens, stoves & hair dryers
What are some examples of domestic uses of heat?
This principle explains why a fast-moving car has more kinetic energy than a slower one, assuming both have the same mass.
What is: The greater the speed, the greater the kinetic energy?
Dry ice disappears without forming a liquid. Name this process and explain what happens to the particles.
What is sublimation, where particles gain energy/heat to move directly from a solid to a gas?
A scientist cools water vapour until it becomes a solid without passing through the liquid state. Name this change of state and describe how the particle motion changes.
What is deposition, and how do particles slow down and lose energy to form a solid directly from a gas?
How heat moves through liquids and gases. Hot air rises and cold air sinks.
What is convection?
These gloves allow you to safely handle hot pots, pans, and grills without getting burned, thanks to materials designed to withstand high temperatures.
What is: cooking gloves are made with heat-resistant materials like silicone and cotton to protect your hands from burns while handling hot kitchen items?
The measurement of somethings ability to do work
What is energy?
These are two opposite processes involving the gain and loss of energy- one causes the particles to spread out into a gas, while the other causes them to come together into a liquid.
What are evaporation and condensation?