assessing speaking
Some types of speaking tasks
Discussion/conversation
Oral report
discussion/decision making
Role play
Interview
Learner-learner description and re-creation
Question and answer
Giving instructions/descriptions/explanation
What is the difference between hearing and listening?
Hearing is passive. It’s the physical ability to perceive sound. For example, you hear noise in the background even if you’re not paying attention to it.
Listening is active. It requires concentration and focus to understand and interpret what is being heard. For instance, listening to a lecture means you're trying to make sense of the information being presented.
I can read very short, simple texts. I can find specific, predictable information in simple everyday material such as advertisements, prospectuses, menus and timetables and I can understand short simple personal letters.
A 2
different types of writing
academic, expressive, practical
difference between
testing, assessment, evaluation
Testing: A specific tool (like a quiz or exam) used to measure knowledge or skills.
Assessment: A broader process of collecting information (through tests, observations, tasks) to understand learning and guide instruction.
Evaluation: A judgment or decision based on assessment data—often to determine effectiveness, value, or achievement.
In short:
Test = instrument
Assessment = process
Evaluation = judgment
what is the Fluency in speaking?
It means being able to speak in a comfortable and smooth way. Or speaking easily, reasonably quickly and without having to stop and pause a lot.
what is listening?
the ability to identify and understand what others are saying
Scaning
Skimming
Scaning-•is reading rapidly in order to find specific facts.
Skimming-• Is reading rapidly in order to get a general overview of the material.
genres of writing
academic -job related-personal
What do you know about CAT's
CATS (Classroom Assessment Techniques) are formative assessment tools used by teachers to quickly and informally assess students' understanding during the learning process.
They help instructors gather feedback, adjust teaching, and support student learning without grading or formal testing.
What categories might a rubric include in a speaking assessment?
Fluency,
Fluency – How smoothly and naturally the speaker talks, with minimal pauses or hesitations.
Pronunciation – Clarity and accuracy in producing sounds, stress, and intonation patterns.
Grammar and Syntax – Correct and appropriate use of sentence structures and grammar rules.
Vocabulary – Range, accuracy, and appropriateness of word choice for the context.
not compulsory
(Organization and Coherence
Confidence and Delivery
Task Fulfillment )
what makes listening difficult?
unfamiliar vocabulary
grammar
tasks too difficult
text too long
topic not interesting
Genres of reading
Academic reading
Job related reading
Personal reading
Components of testing writing
organisation
grammar
content
fulfillment of purpose
vocabulary/word choice
assessment for learning
assessment of learning
assessment as learning
Assessment of Learning: Summative; measures what students have learned (e.g., final exams, standardized tests).
Assessment for Learning: Formative; guides teaching by giving feedback during the learning process to improve performance.
Assessment as Learning: Learner-driven; students reflect on their own learning, set goals, and monitor progress.
According to Douglas Brown, there are five basic types of oral production
imatative-parrot
intensive-focus on pronunsiation
responsive-short conversation
interactive-•Like responsive but longer and more complex and may include multiple participants
extensive-monologue, presentation
types of listening texts?
formal lectures, chats, face-to-face interactions, telephone messages, radio and TV presentations
types of reading tasks
Perceptive reading - reading for recognizing and understanding the visual form of language.
Selective-picture cued tasks, matching, true/false, multiple choice
interactive-one page or more reader must interact
extensive - story, reports
types of writing performance
Imitative
intensive
responsive
extensive
5 types of assessment
Validity – The assessment measures what it is intended to measure.
Reliability – The results are consistent and dependable over time.
Fairness/washback – All learners are assessed equally, without bias.
Practicality – The assessment is feasible in terms of time, resources, and effort.
Authenticity – Tasks reflect real-world use of skills and knowledge.
macro and micro skills of speaking
macro-fluency discourse nonverbal communication
micro-words collocations and phrasal units
Types of listening tasks ?
intensive-phonemes
responsive-a greeting
selective-TV, Radio news
extensive- listening for the gist, main idea
macro and micro skills of reading
Macro skills of reading- involve understanding the main idea, purpose, tone, and overall structure of a text.
Micro skills of reading- focus on recognizing grammar, vocabulary, specific details, and cohesive devices.
holistic and analytical scoring in writing
Holistic scoring gives one overall score based on the general quality of writing.
Analytical scoring evaluates specific aspects (like grammar, content, organization) and scores each separately.
alternative type of assessment
Portfolio – Collection of student work showing progress.
Project-Based – Students complete a project to demonstrate skills.
Peer Assessment – Students assess each other’s work.
Self-Assessment – Students evaluate their own learning.
Performance-Based – Students perform tasks to show abilities.