Medications that Cause Kidney Disease
This common over-the-counter pain reliever is known to cause acute kidney injury, especially with chronic use or in patients with risk factors.
What are NSAIDs?
This class of medications is first-line for proteinuria management in CKD, recommended for most adults with albuminuria regardless of diabetes status.
What are ACEi/ARBs?
This lab measures the amount of creatinine in the blood that comes from muscle metabolism
What is SCr?
This arteriole brings blood into the glomerulus for filtration.
What is the afferent arteriole?
This is the most common electrolyte abnormality in advanced CKD, which can cause cardiac arrhythmias and requires dietary restriction and medication management.
What is hyperkalemia?
This class of antihypertensive medications can cause acute kidney injury by vasodilating the efferent arteriole, especially in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis.
What are ACEi/ARBs?
This medication class is recommended to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults with CKD not on dialysis.
What are HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)?
This lab incorporates age, gender, creatinine +/-cystatin C to estimate kidney function
What is eGFR?
This part of the nephron is the site of action for loop diuretics
What is the loop of Henle?
This complication of CKD is characterized by elevated phosphate and low calcium, leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease; it is managed with phosphate binders and vitamin D analogs.
What is CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)?
This type of antibiotic, often used for serious gram-negative infections, is notorious for causing dose-dependent nephrotoxicity by accumulating in renal tubular cells.
What are aminoglycosides?
This class of medications vasoconstricts the afferent arteriole leading to decreased intraglomerular pressure and decreased albuminuria
What are SGLT2 inhibitors?
These labs should be monitored within 2-4 weeks of initiation or dose changes of ACEi/ARBs
What are SCr and potassium?
These parts of the nephron are the site of action for aldosterone
What is the collecting duct and late DCT?
This medication can be used for hyperphosphatemia and causes diarrhea, constipation, and darkened stools
What is ferric citrate
This immunosuppressant, commonly used in transplant patients, can cause both acute and chronic kidney injury via vasoconstriction of renal arterioles.
What are calcineurin inhibitors?
These medication classes cause vasodilation of the efferent arteriole to reduce intraglomerular pressure
What are ACEi/ARBs?
Values >30 mg/g of this lab indicate that kidney damage is present
What is UACR?
This part of the nephron is where most sodium and calcium is reabsorbed into the blood
What is the proximal tubule?
The brand name of this medication that can be used for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism and causes hypocalcemia
What is Sensipar?
This chemotherapeutic agent, used in many solid tumors, can cause nephrotoxicity that may be prevented with aggressive hydration and amifostine.
What is cisplatin?
The brand name of this nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist is recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD to further reduce the risk of CKD progression and cardiovascular events in patients who are on ACEi/ARBs
What is Kerendia?
These can cause elevations in SCr despite no change in kidney function (name 3)
What are dehydration, exercise, and protein intake?
What is the distal convoluted tubule?
The brand name of this medication that is not systemically absorbed, lowers LDL, and can be used to manage hyperphosphatemia in a patient with hypercalcemia
What is sevelamer (Renvela)