Weather/Erosion
What is chemical weathering vs mechanical weathering
Chemical- mainly caused by the breakdown of rock through reactions involving, water, oxygen and acid.
Mechanical- caused by physical forces, breaking them down without changing chemical composition
what is the continual drift theory
explains how the continents have moved over time
what is the difference between la Nina and El Nino
El Nino-a natural climate pattern characterized by unusually warm ocean surface temps in the central and Eastern tropical pacific
how do glaciers form
formed by accumulation and compaction of snow over long periods
what convection currents do
they drive plate tectonics causing the crust to move
what is the differences between global and local, and jet streams
global winds-winds that occur in belts that go all around the planet
local winds- winds that blow over a limited area
jet streams-strong, fast, flowing currents of air in the upper atmosphere
what are landslides causes by
the movement of rock, earth, or debris downhill due to gravity, often by heavy rain or other things
what are the different plate boundaries and what do they do
transform- they move horizontal
divergent-they move apart
convergent-when they collide often one sub-ducting under another
what plates boundaries form from
convergent and divergent
what are sinkholes
depressions formed by dissolution of surface rocks by groundwater
what are seismic waves
vibrations that travels through the Earth
define plucking, striations, abrasions, and ice wedging
Plucking- when glaciers move they scrape along the surrounding rock and pull some away. Striations-scratches on rocks. Abrasions- materials worn away from friction. ice wedging- when water gets in cracks then freezes and expanse and cracks the rocks further
where do volcanoes form
along plates boundaries in area called hot spots