Movement in and out of Cells
What is the movement of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane called?
Osmosis
What is the smallest particle of an element that retains its properties?
Atom
What is the name of the vertical columns in the periodic table?
Answer: Groups.
Group
What is the unit of force?
Newton
What is the green pigment in leaves that captures light energy?
Chlorophyll
What type of transport moves substances from an area of high concentration to low concentration without using energy?
Diffusion
What is a compound?
A substance made from two or more elements chemically bonded together.
Which group contains the noble gases?
Group 8 or 0
What do we call a force that slows down moving objects?
Friction
How many molecules of CO2 is needed to produce 1 molecule of Glucose?
6 molecules of CO2
What is the main difference between active transport and diffusion?
What is the main difference between active transport and diffusion?
How many atoms are in one molecule of water (H₂O)?
3 atoms; 2-Hydrogen, 1-Oxygen
Which group of metals is known for being very reactive and soft, and increases in reactivity down the group?
Alkali Metals
State Newton’s First Law of Motion.
An object stays at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an external force.
Which mineral ion is needed for making chlorophyll?
Magnesium
Give one example in the human body where active transport is used.
Absorption of glucose in the small intestine.
What is meant by a chemical bond?
A force that holds atoms together in a compound.
What is a common property of the halogens (Group 7)?
They are reactive nonmetals that form salts with metals.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy an object has due to its motion.
What structure on a plant leaf opens and closes to regulate both water loss and gas exchange, and is controlled by surrounding guard cells?
Stomata
Explain what would happen to an animal cell placed in a very dilute solution and why.
Water would enter by osmosis, and the cell could burst due to lack of a cell wall.
Describe the difference between a mixture and a compound.
A mixture contains substances physically combined and can be separated; a compound has elements chemically bonded and requires a chemical reaction to separate.
Explain why elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
Explain how unbalanced forces affect an object’s motion.
Unbalanced forces cause a change in speed, direction, or both (acceleration).
Explain the role of nitrate ions in plant nutrition.
They are needed to make amino acids, which are used to build proteins.