Barbarian Invasions
These groups of wandering warriors helped bring down the Roman Empire between 400–1000 AD.
Who were the barbarians?
In 1054, the Christian church split into these two branches.
What are the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church?
He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day in 800.
Who was Charlemagne?
These religious wars aimed to take Jerusalem back from the Muslims.
What were the Crusades?
This 1215 document limited the power of the English king.
What is the Magna Carta?
Name two barbarian tribes that invaded Europe.
Gauls, Vandals, Visigoths, Saxon, and Huns
He wrote the "Rules" that guided monastic life in the Middle Ages.
Who was St. Benedict?
This monk's rule required vows of chastity, obedience, and poverty.
Who was St. Benedict?
The only successful crusade to recapture Jerusalem.
What was the First Crusade?
This system structured medieval society around land and military service.
What is the feudal system?
This Central Asian nomadic tribe, led by Attila, pushed into Europe in the 5th century, accelerating the fall of the Roman Empire.
Who were the Huns?
This 16th-century German monk sparked the Protestant Reformation.
Who was Martin Luther?
He defeated Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
Who was William the Conqueror?
This battle in 1066 gave William the Conqueror the English throne.
What was the Battle of Hastings?
Under feudalism, this group owned no land but were not slaves.
Who were freemen?
As barbarians conquered land, this system of protection and loyalty developed.
What is feudalism?
This Catholic council responded to the Reformation from 1545–1563.
What was the Council of Trent?
His 95 Theses protested corruption in the Catholic Church.
Who was Martin Luther?
Although the First Crusade recaptured Jerusalem, this military failure showed the lack of unified leadership among the European crusaders.
What was the Second Crusade?
These people were bound to the land and owned by the overlords.
Who were serfs?
This barbarian tribe gave their name to a term that means senseless destruction.
Who were the Vandals?
During this event, two popes claimed power, weakening the Church’s authority.
What was the Great Papal Schism?
This king signed the Magna Carta under pressure from English barons.
Who was King John?
This 12th-century Muslim leader recaptured Jerusalem after the Second Crusade and became known for his chivalry in battle.
Who was Saladin?
This council clarified Catholic doctrine and rejected Protestant beliefs.
What was the Council of Trent?