Enlightenment & Revolutions
This movement of the 17th and 18th centuries emphasized reason, individual rights, and challenged absolute rule.
What is the Enlightenment?
This invention, powered by steam, greatly improved transportation and factory production.
What is the steam engine (or steam locomotive/steamboat?
World War I began in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in this European city.
What is Sarajevo?
This Indian leader used nonviolent civil disobedience to help his country gain independence from British rule.
Who is Mohandas Gandhi?
The buying and selling of goods and services between different countries is called this.
What is international trade?
This French Enlightenment thinker advocated for the separation of powers in government, inspiring the U.S. Constitution.
Who is Montesquieu?
The Industrial Revolution began in this country, known for its coal and iron resources.
What is Great Britain (or England)?
This treaty officially ended World War I and imposed harsh penalties on Germany.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
After World War II, many African and Asian nations gained their independence from this process.
What is decolonization?
This international organization works to resolve trade disputes and help countries with economic development.
What is the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
This event, starting in 1789, led to the overthrow of the French monarchy and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte.
What is the French Revolution?
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote this book, advocating for a classless society and the overthrow of capitalism.
What is The Communist Manifesto?
The rise of fascism in Italy (Mussolini) and Nazism in Germany (Hitler) are characteristics of this type of government.
What is totalitarianism?
This system of racial segregation and discrimination was practiced in South Africa until the early 1990s.
What is apartheid?
The destruction of large areas of forest, especially in rainforests, is known by this term.
What is deforestation?
This former slave led a successful revolt against French rule, creating the independent nation of Haiti.
Who is Toussaint L'Ouverture?
This "Scramble" involved European powers dividing up Africa for their own colonies, often without regard for existing cultures.
What is the Scramble for Africa (or Berlin Conference)?
This organization was created after World War II to promote international peace and cooperation.
What are the United Nations?
The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked the end of this era.
What is the Cold War?
The increase in the Earth's average temperature, often linked to human activity and greenhouse gases, is called this.
What is global warming (or climate change)?
Simón Bolívar, José de San Martín, and Bernardo O'Higgins were important leaders in the independence movements of this region.
What is Latin America (or South America)?
The Opium Wars in China, fought against this European power, showed the impact of Western imperialism.
What is Great Britain?
The "Iron Curtain" was a term used to describe the division between democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe during this global conflict.
What is the Cold War?
The creation of the European Union (EU) and NAFTA are examples of nations working together to improve this, often by reducing trade barriers.
What is economic interdependence (or globalization)?
This agreement in 1997 aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, though not all countries ratified it.
What is the Kyoto Protocol?