Emotions Part 3
Males are __ times as likely to be arrested for murder (in the US)
a) 2
b) 3
c) 5
d) 7
C) 5
Where was Franz Gall originally from?
a) Germany
b) Hungary
c) France
d) England
a) Germany
According to Robert Sapolsky's TED Talk on environmental stressors and the amygdala, how far back in time can we go to see the impacts on our decisions today:
a) A couple minutes
b) A trillion years
c) A million years
d) Weeks to months
c) A million Years
Which cortex in Gage's head did the rod pass through, and what is the significance of that discovery, and how did it contribute to our understanding of that area’s function?
Frontal Lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
Cerebellum
Answer: a, his accident has contributed to our understanding of the frontal lobe, discovering its correlation with executive functions and behaviors.
A region usually lesioned in Korsakoff’s syndrome is:
a) Ventromedial hypothalamus
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Hippocampus
d) Mammillary bodies
d) Mammillary bodies
Describe the relationship between the amount of specific emotions (disgust, envy, schadenfreude) and the amount of specific regions (putamen, nucleus accumbens, insula) for each emotions.
Answer: each emotion = more than one region, Each region = More than one emotion
The word phrenology comes from the Greek words for 'knowledge' and:
a) Bumps
b) Mind
c) Region
d) Personality
B) Mind
What discovery did Neuroscientist Jim Fallon make while studying brain scans related to psychopathy?
a.) He found that all psychopaths have enlarged amygdalas
b.) He discovered that his own brain scan was similar to a psychopath’s
c.) He proved that psychopathy is entirely genetic
d.) He found that violent behavior is unrelated to brain structure
b.) He discovered that his own brain scan was similar to a psychopath’s
How did Gage’s behavior change after the accident?
Answer: Phineas could still speak and was fully conscious after the accident but later on he experienced a semi-comatose due to an infection. Many claim that his behavior changed after the accident, as one of the frontal lobe’s main functions is executive function, which affects behavior.
To weaken the emotional impact of certain memories, researchers have used _______, a drug that blocks norepinephrine receptors in the brain.
a.) Cortisol
b.) Serotonin
c.) Propranolol
d.) Acetylcholine
c.) Propranolol
Which brain regions are most commonly involved in processing the emotion of love? (provide at least 3 regions )
Answer: The brain regions involved in love are the insula, anterior cingulate cortex, caudate, putamen (bilateral), and right prefrontal cortex.
Short answer: What was the main reasoning behind phrenology, and why did Franz Gall believe his theory of phrenology was true?
Answer: Since the skull is shaped like the brain, a person's skull shape can act as a map of the brain and can tell someone about a person's aptitude, behavior, and tendencies.
Fill in the blank: the gene that is potentially associated with being a psychopath is from the ___ chromosome and is part of the reason why there are many ____ psychopaths as well as its association with _______.
Answer: x, male, serotonin
After the accident, Phineas Gage moved to Chile. What kind of job did he work in there, and why is it surprising?
Answer: Gage resumed driving coaches, this time along the rugged, mountainous trails between Valparaiso and Santiago, and he did the job for seven years. This is surprising because he had an accident and still continues memory and motor skills demanding job.
What is the A-Not-B test?
Answer: Babies develop object permanence at around 4 - 7 months. However during the A-Not-B test an infant can see a desired object being placed in under one of two locations however even after seeing the location of the object they still chose wrong.