Epidemiology
Study of disease patterns and causes in a population.
What is epidemiology?
Infectious diseases spread via direct person‑to‑person contact.
What are direct transmissions?
National system collecting data on reportable diseases.
What is the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)?
Designed to enhance knowledge or skills in a target group.
What is health education?
The ANA calls this the foundational nursing role in communities.
What is public health nursing?
New cases in a defined time interval.
What is incidence?
This term describes how quickly an infection spreads in a population.
What is the rate of transmission?
Local data often comes from these government bodies.
What are local health departments?
A systematic plan to influence policies and environments.
What is advocacy?
Nurses prepare for crises under this part of their role
What is emergency preparedness?
All existing cases at a point in time.
What is prevalence?
Immunization programs often target these agents.
What are pathogens?
BRFSS is an example of this type of surveillance.
What is behavioral surveillance?
A theory that includes interpersonal and societal influences.
What is the ecological model?
Nurses collaborate in multidisciplinary groups known as these.
What are coalitions or interdisciplinary teams?
This triangle shows host-agent-environment relationships.
What is the epidemiologic triangle?
Diseases like tuberculosis can remain dormant and then reactivate.
What is latency/reactivation?
Federal agency setting standards for local public health performance.
What is the National Public Health Performance Standards (NPHPS)?
A structured approach to promote behavior change in individuals.
What is the health behavior change model?
ANA’s Public Health Nursing Standards emphasize this key concept.
What is health equity?
This describes the what, where, and when of disease occurrence.
What is descriptive epidemiology?
Eradicating smallpox is an example of this type of intervention.
What is elimination?
Visual tool used to examine multifactorial disease causes.
What is a causal web or causal pathway diagram?
Following this process, nurses assess, plan, implement, and evaluate programs.
What is the nursing process?
ANA core practice includes collaborating on population health and this.
What is community collaboration?