Alkanes
What is the structural formula for ethane?
CH3CH3
What is a chemical reaction? What is a reaction rate?
A chemical reaction: process where one set of chemical substance is transformed to another set of chemical substance. Extra: the energy is stored in the bonds.
A reaction rate: Speed aat which the reactants are used up and the products are formed.
What are three main types of fossil fuels?
Coal, petroleum and natural gas
What is distillation?
process of extracting a pure substance from a liquid mixture.
What is the mass?
Protons plus neutrons
What is the line formula for propane?
CH3CH2CH3
What does the experiment with chalk and hydrochloric acid show about reaction rates?
It shows how the rate speeds up as there is more surface area.
What are the consequences of burning fossil fuels?
Sea levels rising, exteme weather conditions, loss of fertile land.
What is fractional distillation?
Process by which oil refineries separate crude oil into different fractions of more useful hydrocarbon products based on their boiling point.
Which two sub-atomic particles have a similar relative mass?
Protons and neutrons
Put all the info for methane
CH4, CH4
What are the three criteria for an effective collision?
1: The particles must collide
2: The particles must be aligned properly
3: Sufficient energy to break the reactant bonds
What are fossil fuels?
Fossil fuels are organic matter that has not decomposed and that has been trapped under sediment and high pressure for millions of years.
What is cracking?
Cracking is the process of breaking down longer hydrocarbons into shorter, more useful hydrocarbons with the help of heat and pressure.
What does a column in the table show? What does a row show?
Group - valence electrons
Period - shells
Put all the info for butane.
C4H10, CH3CH2CH2CH3
Explain The Collision Theory?
The collision theory includes the breaking of reactant bonds, their rearrangement and the formation of new bonds in the product.
What are organic compounds? Give an example.
Carbon based compounds through covalent bonding (must include a bond with carbon or hydrogen)
Alkanes are organic compounds.
What is fracking?
The process involving pumping water and chemicals into a drilling well in order to extract oil and natural gas.
State the electron shell arrangement for carbon.
K2, L4
Put all the information for pentane and its isomere.
C5H12, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
What are the factors that impact the reaction rate? ALL OF THEM
1: temperature
2: catalyst
3: surface area
4: Concentration
Explain the anthropogenic greenhouse gas effect.
More greenhouse gases
More re-emitted heat
Heat is absorbed and trapped by a thick layer of greenhouse gasese.
Less heat escapes into space
More heat sent back to Earth
Which hydrocarbon products stay at the bottom and which stay at the top on the fractioned tower?
The The small hydrocarbons with low boiling point stay at the top and the long hydrocarbons with high boiling points stay at the bottom of the tower.
What is an isotope?
An isotope is an atom of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.