True or False
True or False: People with diabetes can eat sugar.
True
People with diabetes can eat sugar in moderation as part of a balanced diet. The total carbohydrate count matters more than just “sugar.”
Which has more carbohydrates: an apple or a boiled egg?
Apple
Apples contain natural sugars and fiber, providing ~20–25g of carbs. Eggs contain protein and fat, with 0g of carbs.
Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed at this stage of life:
Childhood/adolescence
One way to prevent or manage diabetes is:
Exercise
Physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and helps lower blood glucose.
What is a classic symptom of high blood sugar?
Frequent urination or extreme thirst
High blood sugar causes excess glucose to be excreted in urine, pulling water along and causing dehydration.
True or False: Type 1 diabetes is caused by eating too much sugar
False
Type 1 is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells, not caused by sugar intake.
This fruit has natural sugars but can still raise blood glucose if eaten in large amounts:
Banana
Bananas contain natural sugars and carbs; eating in moderation is key to keeping blood sugar stable.
Which organ is affected in people with Type 1 diabetes?
Pancreas
This tool helps people with diabetes check how their blood sugar reacts to food, stress, and medications.
Glucometer
Monitoring blood sugar helps guide decisions about food, exercise, and medications.
What are the signs and symptoms of DKA?
Fruity breath, fast, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), Hyperglycemia
True or False: Type 2 diabetes can be always be prevented with adequate exercise and healthy diet.
False:
While regular exercise and a healthy diet are powerful tools to reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, they cannot guarantee prevention for everyone.
Which fruit is naturally higher in sugar: grapes or strawberries?
Grapes
A cup of grapes has ~23g of natural sugar, while a cup of strawberries has only ~7g.
This test gives an average blood sugar level over the past 3 months:
A1C test
The A1C test shows the average blood sugar over the past 2–3 months, helping monitor long-term control.
Which part of the finger should be pricked when using a glucometer?
Side of the finger
The side of the fingertip has fewer nerve endings, making it less painful than the pad (center) of the finger.
Shakiness, sweating, and confusion are symptoms of:
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia means low blood sugar (usually <70 mg/dL) and can cause serious symptoms if untreated. The brain needs glucose to function, so low levels cause mental symptoms like confusion or mood changes.
True or False: Skipping meals can lead to low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
True
Especially for people who take insulin or certain medications, skipping meals can cause their blood sugar to drop dangerously low.
Which has more carbohydrates: white bread or brown rice?
Brown rice
½ cup of cooked brown rice has ~22g of carbs, while 1 slice of white bread has ~14g. Both are carb-rich, but rice has more per serving.
What are the three Ps of hyperglycemia?
Polyuria, Polyphagia, Polydipsia
One way to avoid large blood sugar spikes is to avoid this kind of food or drink.
High carb/sugary foods
Foods like candy, soda, and white bread cause rapid blood sugar increases, especially if eaten alone.
You should eat or drink something with this if you’re experiencing low blood sugar:
Sugar/fast-acting carbs
Hypoglycemia is treated with 15g of fast-acting carbs like juice, glucose tablets, or candy.
True or False: Insulin cures diabetes.
Insulin helps manage blood sugar levels, but it does not cure diabetes. It is a lifelong treatment for people with Type 1 and sometimes Type 2 diabetes.
Which drink has more sugar: Diet soda or orange juice?
orange juice
Orange juice contains 21-25g natural sugar while diet soda has 0g sugar.
While diet soda has no sugar, it doesn’t mean it’s the healthiest option—just lower in carbohydrates and safe for blood sugar control in diabetes.
What are the differences between Type 1 and 2 diabetes?
Type 1: body stops making insulin, usually diagnosed in adolescence, insulin use always needed, non-preventable
Type 2: body still makes insulin but does not work well, usually diagnosed in adulthood, sometimes needs insulin, often preventable
What are the long term effects of diabetes?
-cerebrovascular disease
-blindness
-heart attack
-kidney damage
-foot infections
-peripheral neuropathy
If left untreated, severe hyperglycemia can lead to this dangerous condition:
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Untreated high blood sugar (especially in Type 1) can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening emergency.