Dataflow
______ is the medium through which data is transmitted from one device to another.
Transmission media
The OSI model has ______ layers.
seven
The physical layer is responsible for ______ transmission of data.
bit level
______ is a protocol used for sending emails.
SMTP
The ______ layer ensures error-free transmission between adjacent nodes.
Data Link
In ______ transmission mode, data flows only in one direction.
Simplex
IP addresses are used at the ______ layer of the OSI model.
Network
______ switching establishes a dedicated path before data is transmitted.
Circuit
The Internet is an example of a ______ network.
Packet Switching
______ is the representation of data in the form of 0s and 1s.
Binary
The ______ protocol is used to transfer files between systems.
FTP
A ______ is the source or destination of a message in a network.
In TCP/IP model, the application layer corresponds to ______ layers of the OSI model.
three
The ______ layer is responsible for routing data from source to destination.
Network
______ addresses are used by switches to forward data frames.
MAC
______ mode allows data to be transmitted in both directions, but only one at a time.
Halfduplex
______ defines a set of rules for data communication.
Protocol
The ______ layer ensures reliable data transfer with error recovery.
Transport
HTTP operates at the ______ layer of the OSI model.
Application
______ cables use light for data transmission.
Fiber
The process of adding headers to data at each layer is called ______.
Encapsulation
A ______ network uses logical addressing to route packets.
Datagram
______ is used to uniquely identify devices on a network.
Addressing
TCP provides ______ delivery of data packets.
Reliable
______ is the process of checking for errors in transmitted data.
Error detection