A
Regulates temperature through the greenhouse effect
ATMOSPHERE
Water stored underground in soil and rock layers (aquifers)
GROUNDWATER
Refers to all the solid parts of the Earth, from its surface to its deep interior.
GEOSPHERE
Breakdown and movements of rocks by wind, water or ice.
WEATHERING AND EROSION
A component of biosphere that describes organisms such as humans, animals, plants, and microbes.
BIOTIC
When CO₂ dissolves in seawater, it forms carbonic acid, which lowers the ocean's pH—a process known as
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION
When plants and animals die, their remains undergo ____________ by bacteria, fungi, and detritivores.
DECOMPOSITION
a rich, dark organic component of soil that holds moisture and nutrients essential for plant growth
HUMUS
the process by which water is absorbed by plant roots and then released as vapor through pores (stomata) in leaves.
TRANSPIRATION
a process where algae grow excessively, depleting oxygen and harming aquatic life.
EUTROPHICATION
These interactions shape the Earth’s surface, regulate soil fertility, and contribute to long-term geological processes.
BIOSPHERE - GEOSPHERE
These interactions sustain ecosystems, regulate climate, and affect the availability of freshwater resources.
BIOSPHERE - HYDROSPHERE
These exchanges play a crucial role in Earth’s long-term carbon cycle, surface processes, and climate regulation.
ATMOSPHERE - GEOSPHERE
It involves erosion, sediment transport, landscape formation, and subsurface processes that influence ecosystems, land use, and geology over time.
HYDROSPHERE - GEOSPHERE
are massive, slow-moving bodies of ice formed from compacted snow cold regions. They are part of both the hydrosphere (frozen water) and agents of geologic change
GLACIERS
a rich, dark organic component of soil that holds moisture and nutrients essential for plant growth
HUMUS
This is under the biosphere - hydrosphere and being described as "Water is a universal solvent and is vital for cellular processes such as nutrient transport, temperature regulation, and metabolic reactions."
WATER AS ESSENTIAL FOR LIFE (TRANSPORT, HYDRATION)
This is under biosphere - geosphere and defined as "Organisms such as earthworms, ants, moles, and rodents actively burrow and mix the soil."
BURROWING ANIMALS ALTERING SOIL STRUCTURE
Consists of sunlight, water, air, soil, and temperature that support life
ABIOTIC FACTORS
Biological processes in the biosphere release various greenhouse gases. What are these gases?
METHANE, NITROUS OXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE