Erikson's 8 stages of Psychosocial Development
What is the conflict in infancy ( birth to 1 year )?
Trust vs Mistrust
What are the four main areas of human development?
Physical, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive
What is the first (lowest) level of Maslow hierarchy ?
Physiological needs: Breathing, Food, Water, Shelter, and clothing
What is the first step in the decision making process ?
Identifying the decision
Name one influence on decision making ?
Family, peers, media, culture, or personal values
At what stage do children face the challenge of " Initiative Vs. Guilt" ?
Preschool (3-6 years)
Give one example of physical development in adolescence?
Growth Spurts, Puberty, or Changes in height/weight
Safety needs include what two major areas ?
Personal safety and financial/health security
Which step involves looking at pros and cons ?
Weighing the evidence
How can family influence decision making ?
Setting expectations, teaching values, or giving advice
What is the primary conflict of adolescence (12-18 years)?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Social development often includes learning how to form what type of relationships?
Belongingness and love needs are met through what kinds of relationship ?
Friendships, family, and romantic relationships
what is the final step in the decision making process ?
Action/implementing the decision
Give an example of how culture affects personal choices ?
Choosing food, clothing, or traditions based on culture.
In which stage do adults deal with "Generativity Vs. Stagnation"?
Middle Adulthood (30-65 years)
Cognitive development involves changes in what three areas of mental processes ?
Thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving
Esteem needs can be divided into what two types of esteem ?
Self-esteem and respect from others?
Give an example of gathering information before making a decision ?
Asking a teacher about a college program before choosing a major
Why is peer pressure considered a strong influence on teenage decisions?
Wanting to fit in, gain approval, or avoid rejection
Which stage focuses on the conflict of "Ego integrity vs. Despair," and what age group does it cover?
Late Adulthood (65+)
Explain how emotional development in early childhood impacts future mental health?
The ability to manage feelings, cope, with stress, and build resilience
What is the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy , and what does it mean ?
Self-actualization - reaching one's full potential
Why is evaluating your decision after acting an important part of the process ?
Learning from the outcome to make better decisions in the future.
Explain how personal values guide long-term decision making ?
Using values like honesty or responsibility to shape choices.