Memory
What are the three levels of cognition in late adulthood?
Impaired, Usual, Optimal
Why is a medical check-up important before assuming dementia?
To rule out other possible medical conditions with similar symptoms
How many Canadians live with dementia as of 2024?
750,000
What does SOWC or SOC stand for?
Selective Optimization with Compensation
What is the main reason memory problems often occur?
Poor retrieval strategies, not storage difficulties
What is dementia?
Cluster of chronic, irreversible neurocognitive symptoms
How many new dementia cases are diagnosed daily in Canada (2025)?
414 per day
Why are hospitals not ideal for dementia care?
Not adapted for long-term care
What is the “dual task deficit” in older adults?
Difficulty doing two tasks simultaneously
What % of Alzheimer’s cases are sporadic?
95%
Projected annual cost of dementia by 2031?
$16.6B–18.2B
What activities are recommended for dementia?
Music, reminiscence, strength-based tasks
Name the three steps of the Information Processing System.
Input, Processing, Output
What diagnostic process confirms Alzheimer’s?
History, exam, scans, testing
By 2031, how many Canadians are expected to live with dementia?
1 million
Give an example of SOWC in action.
Older adult uses audiobooks when eyesight declines
What is explicit memory?
Semantic & Episodic memory
How many Canadians lived with dementia in 2016?
564,000
62%
Select and optimize what?
best abilities; most intact functions