Judicial Power
This 1803 case established the Supreme Court's authority to declare laws unconstitutional, creating the principle of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
The 1995 ruling that Congress exceeded its Commerce Clause power by criminalizing gun possession in school zones.
What is United States v. Lopez?
This 1954 ruling declared race-based school segregation unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
This 1919 ruling stated that speech creating a "clear and present danger" is not protected by the First Amendment.
What is Schenck v. United States?
This 1972 decision held that compulsory schooling past eighth grade violates the Free Exercise Clause for Amish students.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
This 2010 case applied the Second Amendment right to bear arms for self-defense to state laws.
What is McDonald v. Chicago?
This 1819 decision confirmed the supremacy of the U.S. Constitution and federal laws over state laws regarding the national bank and state taxes.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
This 1962 case allowed federal courts to hear challenges to redistricting plans under the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Baker v. Carr?
This 1962 Supreme Court decision ruled that school-sponsored prayer violates the Establishment Clause.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This 1963 ruling guaranteed felony defendants the right to an attorney in state courts under the Sixth Amendment.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
This 1993 ruling held that majority-minority districts could be challenged if race was the sole factor in their creation.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
In 1969, the Court protected students’ rights to wear black armbands protesting the Vietnam War.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
This 1971 case established a strong presumption against prior restraint of the press, even in national security cases.
What is New York Times Co. v. United States?
This 2010 ruling declared that political spending by corporations and unions is protected free speech under the First Amendment.
What is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?